运动对甲基苯丙胺成瘾者神经损伤的影响及机制和干预策略研究进展  

Research progress on the effects,mechanisms and intervention strategies of exercise on neural injury in methamphetamine addicts

作　　者：李晨 刘军[2] LI Chen;LIU Jun(Department of Postgraduate,Xi′an Physical Education University,Xi′an 710068,Shaanxi Province,China;School of Sports and Health Sciences,Xi′an Physical Education University,Xi′an 710068,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院研究生部,陕西西安710068 [2]西安体育学院运动与健康科学学院,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《新乡医学院学报》2024年第2期191-196,共6页Journal of Xinxiang Medical University

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(编号:2019R003)。

摘　　要：甲基苯丙胺(MA)已成为滥用人数最多的一种合成类神经兴奋剂。长期使用MA造成的精神疾病和认知障碍已经成为国内外严重的公共健康问题和社会问题。运动干预作为一种新型的辅助治疗方式,可通过直接抑制神经系统氧化应激、降低炎症因子和细胞凋亡水平,恢复谷氨酸/γ-氨基丁酸稳态和血脑屏障功能,促进神经可塑性,从而对MA造成的神经结构和功能损伤产生保护作用,有效降低成瘾者药物渴求度、增强体质、缓解阶段症状和主观负面情绪。因此,可根据成瘾者的身心状况设计科学合理的运动干预方案,丰富运动种类、增加运动处方的个性化,以取得更好的干预效果,降低复吸行为的发生风险。本文就运动对MA成瘾者神经损伤的影响及其机制和干预策略研究进展进行综述,以期为运动干预在MA成瘾者药物戒断中的应用提供依据。Currently,methamphetamine(MA)has become the most commonly abused synthetic stimulant.The long-term use of MA has resulted in serious mental disorders and cognitive impairments,posing significant public health and social issues both domestically and internationally.As a novel adjunctive therapy,exercise intervention can effectively mitigate the neurostructural and functional injury caused by MA by suppressing neural oxidative stress,reducing inflammatory factors and cellular apoptosis levels,restoring glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid homeostasis and blood-brain barrier function,and promoting neuroplasticity.Exercise intervention also contributes to decreasing drug cravings,enhancing physical fitness,alleviating withdrawal symptoms,and reducing negative subjective emotions among addicts.Therefore,scientifically tailored exercise intervention programs with abundant types of sports and personalized exercise programs designed based on the physical and mental conditions of individuals with addiction can lead to better intervention outcomes and reduce the risk of relapse.This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research progress on the effects,mechanisms and intervention strategies of exercise on neural injury in MA addicts,aiming to provide evidence for the application of exercise intervention in drug withdrawal programs for MA addicts.

关 键 词：甲基苯丙胺 运动干预 氧化应激 炎症 血脑屏障 

分 类 号：R969[医药卫生—药理学]