2017—2021年重庆市0~14岁儿童流感监测分析  

Influenza surveillance among children aged 0-14 years old in Chongqing City from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：谭章平 陈爽[1,2] 喻臻 唐云[1,2] 叶盛 王明月[1,2] 漆莉 凌华[1,2] 熊宇 TAN Zhangping;CHEN Shuang;YU Zhen;TANG Yun;YE Sheng;WANG Mingyue;QI Li;LING Hua;XIONG Yu(Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory for Highly Pathogenic Microbes,Chongqing 400042,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆400042 [2]高致病性病原微生物重庆市重点实验室,重庆400042

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第1期60-65,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：重庆市科卫联合医学科研项目(项目编号:2020FYYX080);2023年重庆市医学科技创新四大中心建设项目。

摘　　要：目的分析2017—2021年重庆市0~14岁儿童流感流行病学特征,为儿童流感防控提供科学依据。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统收集2017年1月至2021年12月重庆市0~14岁儿童流感样病例(ILI)报告及病原学监测数据,对儿童流感发病特征进行描述性分析。结果2017—2021年重庆市报告0~14岁儿童ILI%为1.48%,流感病毒核酸阳性检出率为13.51%,5年度分别为21.24%、12.67%、20.64%、1.91%和10.75%,不同年度核酸阳性检出率差异有统计学意义。流感病毒核酸阳性率在学生组中最高(25.02%),其次为幼托儿童组(18.55%)及散居儿童组(7.09%),3组间阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1150,P<0.001)。儿童流感流行主要在每年的冬春季,11月至次年1月是儿童流感流行的高发月份,流感阳性率最高,春季以甲流为主,新甲H1N1为优势毒株,夏、秋、冬3季以乙流为主,Victoria系阳性率较高。按年龄组分析,流感样病例以0~5岁年龄组为主,但流感阳性率不高;7~14岁年龄组儿童流感样病例较少,但流感病毒核酸阳性检出率最高。不同性别儿童流感阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=,P<0.001),不同型别流感毒株在不同性别构成比差异也无统计学意义(χ^(2)=,P<0.001)。结论2017—2021年重庆市儿童流感处于季节性流行水平,冬春季阳性率较高,不同年度儿童流感流行的优势毒株型别不同,呈交替循环的规律。幼托儿童和学生是流感的高发人群,是流感防控的重点对象,应加强流感疫苗接种。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of influenza among children aged 0-14 years old in Chongqing City from 2017 to 2021,and to provide scientific evidence for control and prevention of influenza in children.Methods The reported cases of influenza like illness(ILI)and etiological surveillance data among children aged 0-14 years old in Chongqing City from January 2017 to December 2021 were collected through the China Influenza Surveillance Information System.Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted to study the epidemiological characteristics of influenza among children.Results The proportion of ILI cases among children aged 0-14 years old was 1.48%in Chongqing City from 2017 to 2021.The positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 13.51%.And the positive rates were 21.24%,12.67%,20.64%,1.91%and 10.75%from 2017 to 2021,respectively.There were significant differences in nucleic acid positive rate in different years(P<0.05).The nucleic acid positive rate was the highest in the student group(25.02%),followed by children in nursery care group(18.55%)and scattered children group(7.09%).There were significant differences in the positive rate among the three groups(χ^(2)=1150,P<0.001).Influenza epidemic of children was mainly concentrated in winter and spring of each year.The months with high incidence of influenza in children were November to January of the next year,with the highest influenza positive rate.Influenza A was the dominant type in spring,and new H1N1 was the dominant strain.Influenza B was the dominant type in summer,autumn and winter,and the positive rate of Victoria lineage virus was higher.Age group analysis showed that the influenza like cases were mainly distributed in children aged 0-5 years old age group,but the positive rate of influenza was not high.Although there were fewer influenza like cases in children aged 7-14 years old age group,the positive detection rate of influenza virus nuclei acid was the highest.No statistically significant differences were found i

关 键 词：流感病毒 儿童流感 流行特征 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]