云南省佛教寺院空间分异特征及影响因素  

Spatial Differentiation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Buddhist Monasteries in Yunnan Province

作　　者：彭文 杨宇亮 黄雅飞 邹开泽 段开龙 沈洋冬 Peng Wen;Yang Yuliang;Huang Yafei;Zou Kaize;Duan Kailong;Shen Yangdong(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;School of International Chinese Studies,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;Qujing No.1 Middle School,Qujing 655000,China;Dali Cultural Relics Protection Management Institute,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学国际汉语教育学院,昆明650500 [3]曲靖市第一中学,云南曲靖655000 [4]大理市文物保护管理所,云南大理671000

出　　处：《热带地理》2024年第2期315-325,共11页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52168012);云南师范大学研究生科研创新基金(YJSJJ23-B148)。

摘　　要：从佛教地理学视角出发,运用GIS的空间分析方法与田野调查相结合,对云南省佛教寺院空间分异特征及影响因素进行研究。结果表明:1)全省佛教寺院空间分布呈现“三核”特征,汉传佛教寺院呈倒“U”型带状分布,藏传佛教寺院呈“一核多中心”分布,南传佛教寺院呈“两头密、中间疏”分布。2)水平上主要分布于金沙江、澜沧江和珠江流域,垂直上具有“三级阶梯”分布特征。3)云南的复杂人文地理环境是造就佛教寺院分异的关键因素,地理结构是奠定佛教寺院的空间分异特征的基础力量,文化结构促进各部派寺院在交流中形成多元共存格局,制度结构影响的治理方式加剧各部派寺院在不同历史时期的分布范围变化。The spatial distribution characteristics of Buddhist monasteries in Yunnan Province,a typical sample area of Buddhist diversity,have not been studied.Therefore,in view of the situation and from the perspective of Buddhist geography,samples of Buddhist monasteries from 540 cultural relic protection units at all levels were selected to examine the spatial differentiation characteristics and influencing factors of Buddhist monasteries in Yunnan Province.GIS spatial analysis was combined with fieldwork methods.The following results were obtained:1)Buddhist monasteries in the province are generally distributed in agglomerations,being concentrated in Dali,Honghe,and Kunming.The spatial distribution density is centered around three core areas,with other more discrete areas.The Chinese Buddhist monasteries are distributed in an inverted U-shaped band in the central part of the province,the Tibetan Buddhist monasteries are distributed in a"single core,many centers"pattern,and the Theravada Buddhist monasteries are distributed in a"two-side dense,middle-sparse"pattern.2)Laterally,Buddhist monasteries are mainly distributed in the Jinsha,Lancang,and Pearl River basins,with considerable differences between sub-basins.Vertically,the monasteries have a"three-step"distribution characteristic,which corresponds to the vertical landforms.3)The complex human-geographic environment of Yunnan is a key factor in the differentiation of Buddhist monasteries.The geographical structure is a fundamental force that determines the spatially differentiated character of Buddhist monasteries.The central geographical location connecting the four directions relies on the geographical environment to form a balance of distribution of the three types of Buddhist monasteries.Landforms and elevations combine to affect the distribution of ethnic groups with different livelihoods based on elevation and thus affect the distribution of Buddhist monasteries.The cultural structure has contributed to the formation of a pluralistic coexistence pattern in exch

关 键 词：佛教寺院 人文地理环境 空间分异 佛教地理 云南省 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] B948[哲学宗教—宗教学]