束状孔与当量大孔爆破应力波在节理岩体中的衰减规律  

Attenuation law of bunch-holes and equivalent large hole blasting stress wave in jointed rock mass

作　　者：熊常然 陈何 XIONG Changran;CHEN He(Beijing General Research Institute of Mining&Metallurgy,Beijing 100160,China;BGRIMM Technology Group,Beiing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]北京矿冶研究总院,北京100160 [2]矿冶科技集团有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《矿冶》2024年第1期1-8,共8页Mining And Metallurgy

摘　　要：束状孔当量球形药包爆破技术是基于大直径深孔采矿法的新型爆破技术,与单孔爆破技术相比,其炸药能量利用率更高。为了探究节理岩体中束状孔与当量大孔爆破应力波衰减规律的不同,开展束状孔与当量大孔爆破模型试验研究。试验采用混凝土制作相似模型并用无缝钢管将炮孔包围以忽略爆生气体的作用,同时考虑不同节理厚度的影响,得到了爆炸应力波峰值速度与节理厚度的关系,并将两种布孔方式在相同节理条件下进行对比分析。结果表明:两种布孔方式的爆炸应力波峰值速度均随着节理厚度的增加而逐渐降低,在相同节理厚度条件下,束状孔爆破的应力波衰减相对更小。The bunch-holes equivalent spherical cartridge blasting technology is a new kind of blasting technique based on the vertical crater retreat mining method.Compared with single-hole blasting technology,its utilization rate of explosive energy is higher.In order to explore the difference in the attenuation law of stress wave between bunch-holes and equivalent large hole blasting in jointed rock mass,the model test of bunch-holes and equivalent large hole blasting was studied.In this test,the similarity model was made of concrete and used seamless steel pipe to surround the blasting holes to ignore the effect of blasting gas.Considering the effect of different joint thickness,the relationship between the peak velocity of blasting stress wave and joint thickness was obtained,and the two layouts of blasting holes were compared and analyzed in the same joint conditions.The results show that the peak velocity of blasting stress wave decreases gradually with the increase of the joint thickness for both layouts of blasting holes.However,the stress wave attenuation of bunch-holes blasting is smaller compared to equivalent large hole blasting in condition of the same joint thickness.

关 键 词：束状孔 当量大孔 节理岩体 应力波 衰减规律 模型试验 

分 类 号：TD235.46[矿业工程—矿井建设]