直流快速开断技术研究进展和展望  

Research Progress and Prospect of Fast DC Current Interruption Technology

作　　者：吴益飞[1] 吴翊[1] 庄伟斌 吴鑫 荣命哲[1] WU Yifei;WU Yi;ZHUANG Weibin;WU Xin;RONG Mingzhe(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电气工程学院电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《高电压技术》2024年第2期467-477,共11页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52025074,52377158);电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室自主研究课题(EIPE23113)。

摘　　要：由于直流电流无自然过零点且短路电流上升率高,直流电流快速开断与系统故障切除成为制约直流电力系统发展的一大瓶颈。该综述首先介绍了直流快速开断技术要求与难点。其次,详细分析了直流快速开断过程涉及的关键技术,包括电流转移技术、固态式直流开断技术、介质恢复技术和高速机械开关技术等,综述了各种技术的当前发展现状及其应用情况,对比了不同技术方案的特点及适应性。最后,对直流快速开断技术未来发展方向进行了讨论和总结,为小型化、高性能、低成本、高可靠快速直流断路器的研发及推广应用提供了新的技术思路。Due to the DC current has no natural zero crossing point and high short-circuit current rise rate,DC current rapid interruption and system fault removal has become a major bottleneck restricting the development of DC power sys-tem.This paper firstly introduces the technical requirements and difficulties of DC fast interruption.Secondly,we analyze in detail the key technologies involved in DC fast interruption process,including current commutation technology,sol-id-state DC interruption technology,dielectric recovery technology,and high-speed mechanical switch technology,etc.Moreover,we review the current development status of various technologies and their applications,and compare the char-acteristics and adaptability of different technical solutions.Finally,the future development direction of DC fast interruption technology is discussed and summarized,which provides new technical ideas for the research and develop-ment and popularization and application of miniaturized,high-performance,low-cost,and highly-reliable fast DC circuit breakers.

关 键 词：直流电力系统 直流快速开断技术 电流转移 介质恢复 高速机械开关 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]