我国水、大气和土壤环境中高氯酸盐污染现状分析  

Analysis of Perchlorate Pollution in Water, Atmosphere and Soil Environment in China

作　　者：刘金鑫 肖淑敏 刘思达 祁丽 LIU Jinxin;XIAO Shumin;LIU Sida;QI Li(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,TCU,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津300384

出　　处：《天津城建大学学报》2023年第6期407-411,共5页Journal of Tianjin Chengjian University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51278174);天津市技术创新引导专项(21YDTPJC00770)。

摘　　要：高氯酸盐是难降解且具有高度迁移性和干扰内分泌的持久性污染物.为探究高氯酸盐的污染现状,采用文献计量学思路,系统分析了近20年来我国水、大气和土壤环境中高氯酸盐污染的分布状况.结果表明:高氯酸盐在环境中污染非常普遍但存在地区差异;地表水、地下水和自来水的高氯酸盐质量浓度均值分别为10.5,5.07,4.92μg/L,三者间呈相关性;空气和降水中高氯酸盐的质量浓度南北方存在差异;室外灰尘中高氯酸盐质量分数(210.60 mg/kg)高于室内灰尘(47.57 mg/kg);土壤中高氯酸盐质量分数(2.23 mg/kg)高于污水厂污泥(0.022 mg/kg).未来可进一步加强监测环境中高氯酸盐污染水平并进行健康风险评估与管控.Perchlorate is a kind of persistent pollutant that is difficult to degrade and highly migratory.It also disrupts the endocrine.In this study,the pollution characteristics of perchlorate in water,atmosphere and soil environmental matrices in China in recent 20 years were systematically analyzed by using a literature metrology method.The results showed that perchlorate pollution was widespread in China,but the degree of pollution was different in different areas.The average concentrations of perchlorate in surface water,groundwater and tap water were 10.5μg/L,5.07μg/L and 4.92μg/L respectively and they were interrelated.The levels of perchlorate in air and precipitation were different between the South and the North.Perchlorate content in outdoor dust(210.60 mg/kg)was higher than that in indoor dust(47.57 mg/kg),and the perchlorate content in soil(2.23 mg/kg)was higher than that in sewage sludge(0.022 mg/kg).The monitoring,health risk assessment and control of perchlorate in the environment should be further strengthened in the future.

关 键 词：高氯酸盐 水 大气 土壤 污染 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]