载人月面上升动力重构方案研究  

Study on Propulsion Reconstruction for Manned Lunar Ascent

作　　者：侯振东 刘扬 孙兴亮 田林 黄克武 黄震 HOU Zhendong;LIU Yang;SUN Xingliang;TIAN Lin;HUANG Kewu;HUANG Zhen(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2024年第1期60-67,共8页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天领域预先研究项目(010107)。

摘　　要：针对载人月面着陆器上升期间发动机发生故障时航天员应急救生的难题,提出了通过多发动机并联可在部分发动机故障时通过动力重构继续上升入轨的方法。分析了3~5台发动机并联方案的动力重构策略,建立对应的发动机系统可靠性模型进行可靠性评估。基于能量最优的动力上升制导律,对不同故障工况下的动力重构上升轨迹进行仿真分析,得到推进剂消耗、入轨相位等关键参数的变化规律,根据应急入轨条件,设计了3种应急交会对接策略。仿真结果表明,若单台发动机可靠性为0.99,则3~4台发动机并联的动力重构方案可将发动机系统可靠性提升至0.9996,通过调整交会对接策略可在预定时间内完成快速交会对接,实现航天员安全返回。For the difficulty of astronauts’emergency survival during lunar ascent process if the en⁃gine is breakdown,the method to parallel multiple engines and reconfigure the propulsion system was proposed.The reconstruction strategy for 3 to 5 engines was analyzed,and the system reliability was estimated.The power reconstruction ascent trajectories for various fault conditions were calculat⁃ed and simulated with the energy optimal power ascent law,and the variation laws for propellent consumption and inject phase were obtained.Three emergency rendezvous strategies were designed for varied inject conditions.The results show that,the reliability for power reconstruction system with 3 to 4 engines can be improved to 09996 with respect to the reliability of 099 for one engine,and the rapid rendezvous can be achieved by adjusting the rendezvous strategy to assure the safe re⁃turn of astronauts.

关 键 词：载人月面上升 应急救生 动力重构 交会对接 

分 类 号：V412[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]