基于HBM理念的程序化护理方案在甲状腺肿瘤患者微波消融围术期中的应用  

Application of programmed nursing plan based on HBM concept in the perioperative period of microwave ablation for thyroid tumor patients

作　　者：李淑玲 王静蓉[1] 张小红[1] 陈芸娇 阙玉华[1] LI Shuling;WANG Jingrong;ZHANG Xiaohong;CHEN Yunjiao;QUE Yuhua(Ji'an Central Hospital,Ji'an 343000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉安市中心人民医院甲状腺乳腺科,江西省吉安市343000

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2024年第2期274-280,共7页Nursing Practice and Research

基　　金：吉安市指导性科技计划项目(编号:20222-026799)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于健康信念模式(HBM)理念的程序化护理在甲状腺肿瘤患者微波消融术中的应用效果。方法选择2021年4月—2022年3月医院甲状腺科提取甲状腺肿瘤患者106例为研究对象。所有患者经综合评估,采用微波消融术治疗。在组间主要基线资料均衡可比的原则上分为观察组和对照组,每组53例。对照组采取常规微波消融围术期的护理方案,观察组采取基于HBM理念的程序化护理方案,对比两组患者的术后恢复情况、疾病接受量表(AIS-CHI)评分、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)评分、健康行为与并发症发生情况。结果实施基于HBM理念构建的程序化护理后,观察组患者的下床活动时间早于对照组,平均住院时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理干预前,两组患者的AIS-CHI评分及CD-RISC评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理干预后,观察组患者AIS-CHI评分及CD-RISC评分均优于对照组,观察组患者的健康行为优于对照组,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者声音嘶哑、局部出血、切口疼痛、饮水呛咳、皮肤局部烫伤等并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在甲状腺肿瘤患者微波消融围术期,开展基于HBM理念的程序化护理方案可促进患者的术后康复,改善患者的心理弹性及其对疾病的接受程度,促进患者形成健康行为习惯。Objective To explore the application effect of programmed nursing based on health belief model(HBM)concept in microwave ablation for thyroid tumor patients.Methods To select 106 patients with thyroid tumors extracted from the hospital's thyroid department from April 2021 to March 2022 as the research subjects.After comprehensive evaluation,all patients were treated with microwave ablation.They were divided into an observation group and a control group based on the principle of balanced and comparable baseline data between groups,with 53 cases in each group.The control group adopted a routine microwave ablation perioperative nursing plan,while the observation group adopted a programmatic nursing plan based on the HBM concept.The postoperative recovery,acceptance of illness scale(AIS-CHI)score,Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CDRISC)score,health behavior,and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups of patients.Results After implementing programmatic nursing based on the HBM concept,the observation group had earlier bedtime and shorter average hospital stay than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the AIS-CHI and CD-RISC scores between the two groups of patients before nursing intervention(P>0.05).After nursing intervention,the AIS-CHI and CDRISC scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group,the health behavior was better than that in the control group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications such as hoarseness,local bleeding,postoperative pain,coughing due to drinking water,and local skin burns between the two groups of patients(P>0.05).Conclusion During the perioperative period of microwave ablation in patients with thyroid tumors,implementing a programmatic nursing plan based on the HBM concept can promote postoperative recovery,improve psychological res

关 键 词：甲状腺肿瘤 微波消融术 健康信念模式 程序化护理 健康行为 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]