技术政治时代下中美国际科技合作的战略转向比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Strategic Turn of International S&T Cooperation Between China and America in the Era of Technopolitics

作　　者：胡雯[1] 鲍悦华 Hu Wen;Bao Yuehua(Institute of Information,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200235,China;School of Management,Shanda University,Shanghai 314100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院信息研究所,上海200235 [2]上海杉达学院管理学院,上海314100

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2024年第2期168-179,共12页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新形势下进一步完善国家科技治理体系研究”(21ZDA018)。

摘　　要：技术政治时代背景下,国际竞争焦点围绕技术权力的争夺、布局和秩序构建展开,国际科技合作的驱动结构发生深刻变化,主要国家战略转向态势明显。本文以技术政治时代的重要特征作为变革动因,选取中国和美国国际科技合作战略作为比较研究对象,采用“目标-理念-路径”分析框架对两国在战略目标、战略理念、实施路径上的转变方向进行对比,接着使用文献计量分析法从总体发展态势、主导地位变迁、合作网络演化3个维度进一步开展量化验证和具体分析。战略转向趋势的多维度对比结果表明:①技术政治时代下中美战略布局呈现差异化走向,美国以排他性多边主义框架为核心的“技术联盟”战略逐步形成,中国则以“开放创新”为核心理念,由参与全球创新转向引领全球创新;②中国在时代变局中所受影响更为明显,析出的合作需求还未得到充分转移和补充;③中国在国际科技合作能级和利用国外科研资金方面尚有提升空间;④在共同关注的全球性挑战议题上,中美仍有持续合作空间。在此基础上,从战略层、战术层、操作层提出启示建议。In the era of technopolitics,the focus of international competition revolves around the scramble,layout and order construction of technological power.Profound changes have taken place in the driving structure of international S&T cooperation and strategies in major countries.Taking the technopolitical era as the driving force,this paper selects the international S&T strategies of China and America as the comparative research object.The‘goal-idea-path’analysis framework is employed to compare the transformation directions in strategic goals,strategic philosophies and implementation paths.After that,the bibliometric analysis method is employed to further illustrate quantitative verification and specific analysis from three dimensions including the overall trend,the change of dominant position and the evolution of cooperation network.The multi-dimensional comparison results show the followings.①The strategic layout of China and America presents a differentiated trend in the era of technopolitics.America has gradually formed a“technology alliance”strategy centered on the framework of exclusive multilateralism,while China has turned from participating to leading in global innovation with“open innovation”as its core concept.②China is more affected by the changing times,and the cooperation demands released from previous Sino-US coordinationhave not been fully transferred and supplemented.③China has the potential for high-level international S&T cooperation and the optimized utilization of foreign research funding.④There is still room for continued cooperation between China and America on global challenges of common concern.Finally,this paper puts forward suggestions in aspects of strategies,tactics and operations.

关 键 词：技术政治时代 国际科技合作 战略布局 比较研究 

分 类 号：G31[文化科学] G321.5