Anammox生物膜富集培养过程中硝化菌的增殖特性  

Proliferation characteristics of nitrifiers during enrichment culture of Anammox biofilm

作　　者：李韧 于莉芳[1,3] 刘甜 刘然 余涛 彭党聪[1] LI Ren;YU Li-fang;LIU Tian;LIU Ran;YU Tao;PENG Dang-cong(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学,西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710055 [3]西安建筑科技大学,陕西省环境工程重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第2期730-738,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBSF-314);陕西省教育厅重点科学研究计划项目(22JT024)。

摘　　要：在升流式厌氧固定床生物膜(UAFB)反应器中,通过逐步提升氮负荷富集培养厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)生物膜,考察培养过程中Anammox生物膜上硝化菌的增殖特性.结果表明,逐步提升氮负荷可以成功实现厌氧氨氧化菌(An AOB)的富集,但随着基质浓度的提升,反应器中ΔNO_(3)~-/ΔNH_(4)^(+)比值逐渐从0.76±0.11降低至0.42±0.10,表明高基质浓度更有利于Anammox生物膜的培养且不利于亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)竞争亚硝酸盐.而随着培养进行,生物膜的氨氧化活性(AUR)和亚硝酸盐氧化活性(NUR)均大幅增加但最终趋于稳定.高通量测序结果表明,系统在成功富集了33.51%的Ca.Brocadia和3.02%的Ca.Jettenia的同时,氨氧化菌(AOB)-Nitrosomonas的相对丰度仅有0.78%,但培养后优势NOB-Nitrospira的丰度高达2.32%,因此,Anammox生物膜培养过程中硝化菌的增殖现象不可避免,而明显的NOB优势增殖有可能会对PN/Anammox生物脱氮工艺的稳定运行造成负面影响.The proliferation characteristics of nitrifiers during enrichment culture of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)biofilm by increasing TN loading rate were investigated in an unsealed up-flow anaerobic fixed-bed biofilm(UAFB)reactor.The results showed that with the increasing surface ammonium loading rate(SALR),the ratio ofΔNO_(3)-/ΔNH4^(+)in UAFB reactor gradually decreased from 0.76±0.11 to 0.42±0.10,indicating that high substrate concentration is more conducive to the culture of Anammox biofilm and not conducive to the proliferation of nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB).Moreover,the ammonia oxidation rate(AUR)and nitrite oxidation rate(NUR)of Anammox biofilm significantly increased during the culture of Anammox biofilm but eventually tend to stabilize.The results of fluorescence in-situ hybridization(FISH)and Illumina MiSeq further confirmed that the abundance of Ca.Brocadia and Ca.Jettenia was up to 33.51%and 3.02%,and the total abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB)-Nitrosomonas was just 0.78%.However,the relative abundance of Nitrospira was up to 2.32%,which might negatively affect the stable operation of PN/Anammox system.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化生物膜 升流式厌氧固定床生物膜反应器(UAFB) NITROSPIRA 硝化菌 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]