绝经年龄影响因素研究进展  

Research progress on factors influencin age at menopause

作　　者：李玮琳 郭婷 秦莹莹[1,2,3,4,5] LI WeiLin;GUO Ting;QIN YingYing(Center for Reproductive Medicine,Shandong University,Jinan250012,China;State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,China;Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Reproductive Health,Jinan 250012,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学生殖医学研究中心(山东大学附属生殖医院),济南250012 [2]生殖医学与子代健康全国重点实验室,济南250012 [3]生殖内分泌教育部重点实验室(山东大学),济南250012 [4]国家辅助生殖与优生工程技术研究中心,济南250012 [5]山东省生殖健康临床医学研究中心,济南250012

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2024年第1期136-146,共11页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2022YFC2703800,2022YFC2703000)资助。

摘　　要：绝经是卵巢储备耗竭的表现.绝经年龄提前提示了女性生殖寿命缩短,生育机会降低,影响出生人口数量;同时伴随性激素水平的改变,增加心血管疾病、骨质疏松、神经退行性变及肿瘤等疾病的发生风险,严重影响女性身心健康和生活质量.如何延缓卵巢衰老,进而保持和提高生育力已成为生殖医学研究的热点问题.全面认识绝经年龄的影响因素,对于实现女性生育力保护,尤其是对早绝经高风险女性的早期干预和综合管理具有重要意义.本文将系统综述遗传、营养代谢、环境暴露等绝经年龄相关因素,为女性生殖健康管理提供科学依据.Menopause is a manifestation of ovarian reserve depletion.Early onset of menopause indicates a shorter reproductive lifespan for women,reduces fertility opportunities,and affects the overall population size.In addition,it is associated with changes in hormone levels and increased risks of cardiovascular diseases,osteoporosis,neurodegenerative disorders,and tumors,which seriously impact the physical and mental health as well as the quality of life of women.Delaying ovarian aging and preserving ovarian reserve have become hot topics in the studies of reproductive medicine.A comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing age at menopause is of great significance for early intervention and management of female infertility,especially for those with high-risk of early menopause.In this paper,we will systematically review the factors related to menopausal age,including genetics,metabolic diseases,iatrogenic factors and environmental exposures,aiming to provide scientific basis for the management of female reproductive health.

关 键 词：绝经年龄 遗传 代谢性疾病 医源性因素 环境污染物 

分 类 号：R711.75[医药卫生—妇产科学]