HkV和HRCT检查在职业性尘肺病诊断中的价值  

Clinical Value of HkV and HRCT in the Diagnosis of Occupational Pneumoconiosis

作　　者：杜芳莉[1] 李园[1] 杨晓发[1] DU Fangi;LI Yuan;YANG Xiaofa(Department of Occupational Diseases,Jiaozuo City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaozuo 454003,China)

机构地区：[1]焦作市疾病预防控制中心职业病科,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2024年第2期300-303,共4页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的探究高千伏胸片(HkV)和高分辨率计算机体层X线摄影术(HRCT)检查在职业性尘肺病诊断中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析133例进行职业病诊断的尘肺病患者资料,患者均接受HkV和HRCT检查,以临床病理检查为金标准,比较HkV和HRCT对尘肺患者肺部阴影的显示情况、图片质量、分期诊断符合率及尘肺合并症的检出情况。结果HRCT对肺部P影、小阴影检出率高于HkV(P<0.05),两组大阴影检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);HRCT检查图像质量有效率高于HkV检查(P<0.05);HRCT诊断总准确率高于HkV诊断(P<0.05);HRCT对肺部感染、肺气肿、胸膜增厚、气胸的检出率高于HkV(P<0.05),HRCT与HkV对肺结核、肺大泡检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HRCT检查对职业性尘肺病患者肺部阴影、临床分期及合并症的诊断效果高于HkV,图片质量更高。Objective To explore the clinical application value of high kV photography(HkV)and high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT)in the diagnosis of occupational pneumoconiosis.Methods Data of 133 patients with pneumoconiosis undergoing occupational health diagnosis in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were examined by HkV and HRCT.Clinicopathological examination was used as the gold standard to compare the display of pulmonary shadow,image quality,staging diagnosis coincidence rate and detection of pneumoconiosis complications in patients with pneumoconiosis by HkV and HRCT.Results The detection rates of pulmonary P shadow and small shadow of HRCT were higher than those of HkV(P<0.05),but there was no statistically difference in the detection rate of large shadow between the two groups(P>0.05).The effective rate of image quality of HRCT was higher than that of HkV(P<0.05).The total accuracy rate of HRCT diagnosis was higher than that of HkV diagnosis(P<0.05).The detection rate of HRCT for pulmonary infection,emphysema,pleural thickening,and pneumothorax was higher than that of HkV(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of HRCT and HkV for pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary bullae(P>0.05).Conclusion The diagnostic effect of HRCT examination on pulmonary shadow,clinical staging and complications in patients with occupational pneumoconiosis is higher than that of HkV.

关 键 词：高千伏胸片 高分辨率计算机体层X线摄影术 尘肺 肺部阴影 病理分期 诊断 

分 类 号：R445[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]