不同神经类型大学生工作记忆的特点及神经机制  

The Characteristics and Neural Mechanisms of Working Memory of College Students with Different Neural Types

作　　者：史新广 李箫[2] 冯成志[3] Shi Xinguang;Li Xiao;Feng Chengzhi(Suzhou City University,Suzhou,215104;Suzhou Industrial Park Institute of Services Outsourcing,Suzhou,215123;School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou,215123)

机构地区：[1]苏州城市学院,苏州215104 [2]苏州工业园区服务外包职业学院,苏州215123 [3]苏州大学教育学院,苏州215123

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第1期36-43,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171048);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(17YJA880019)的资助。

摘　　要：为探讨不同神经类型大学生工作记忆加工的特点,用80-8神经类型量表筛选灵活型、安静型、兴奋型和抑制型四组典型的神经类型大学生并让其完成ERP版的N-back任务。结果发现灵活型大学生的正确率显著高于兴奋型和抑制型;在任务所诱发的P3波幅上,灵活型被试大于抑制型,在P3的潜伏期上不同类型之间无差异。说明灵活型个体与抑制型个体之间的差异不是来源于工作记忆加工的匹配子任务阶段,而是由于工作记忆的刷新子任务上,灵活型个体比抑制型个体加工能力更强。Pavlov proposed the theory of higher nervous activity,and divided the neural activities of humans and animals into four types.Different types of individuals have different behavioral performances and cognitive processing characteristics.At present,while most of the researches on neural types and working memory are behavioral experiments,the neural mechanism of the differences in working memory of different neural types is not clear.Therefore,this study focuses on the neural mechanism of working memory of different neural types by using event-related potentials technique(ERPs).Before the normal experiment,1263 college students were tested using 80-8 Neural Type Test Scale,with each 15 students for the flexible,quiet,excitatory and inhibitory type randomly selected from the subjects(a student of the flexible type did not complete all the experimental tasks).The 59 subjects were engaged in and finished N-back tasks,the behavioral data and ERP data in the task were recorded and analyzed.Behavioral results showed that:(1)In accuracy,the main effect of task type was significant(p<.001),task of 2-back was significantly higher than that of 3-back;the main effect of neural type was significant(p=.001),the flexible type was significantly higher than the excitatory(p=.01)and inhibitory type(p=.001),there was no difference between the quiet type and the excitatory type,and there was no difference between the excitatory type and the inhibitory type either.(2)In reaction time,the main effect of task type was significant(p<.001),task of 2-back was significantly higher than that of 3-back;the main effect of neural type was significant(p<.001),the quiet type was borderline significantly higher than the excitatory type(p=.06)and the inhibitory type(p=.07),the flexible type was significantly higher than the excitatory type(p<.01)and the inhibitory type(p=.004),there was no differences between the flexible type and the quiet type,excitatory type group and inhibitory type had no differences either,the interaction between neural type

关 键 词：神经类型 工作记忆 N-BACK P3 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]