临床与咨询心理学专业人员胜任力的评估方法  

Assessment of Professional Competence for Clinical andCounseling Psychology Professionals

作　　者：吕韵 刘梦云 顾天意 朱旭 Lu Yun;Liu Mengyun;Gu Tianyi;Zhu Xu(Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,310058;School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province,Wuhan,430079)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310058 [2]华中师范大学心理学院,青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第1期237-245,共9页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室和湖北省重点实验室一般项目(CCNUCYPSYLAB2022B01)的资助。

摘　　要：基于胜任力模型的临床与咨询心理学专业人员培养与认证在过去二十年间快速发展。专业胜任力的核心要素已形成国际共识,胜任力评估在学历项目中广泛使用。督导师对受训者的表现用多维度量表打分是最普遍的评估方式,但测量学研究缺乏,且存在结构效度不明、内容冗长、宽恕偏见严重等不足,可能阻碍督导师和培训项目履行专业“守门人”的职责,损害心理咨询行业的专业质量。未来我国培训项目应使用多质多法的胜任力评估,规避评分偏见,加强态度类胜任要素的评估,加大胜任力测量研究,为我国学历制咨询师培训和职业资格认证提供依据与保障。Since the 1980s,scholars have been advancing competency-based training for clinical and counseling psychology.Researchers and experts from various countries have reached general consensus on the core competencies encompassing professional psychology competence,and have generated observable and measurable behavioral benchmarks for the attainment of these competencies.The Licensing boards of the United States,the United Kingdom,Australia,and China adhere to competence frameworks that share similar competencies.Organizing training activities and accreditation according to the established competence frameworks is regarded as the best practice for the clinical and counseling psychology profession.To put competency-based training and evaluation into practice,a number of tools have been developed to evaluate professional competence of trainees and psychologists,of which supervisor-rated multi-item multidimensional Likert-type ratings are the most widely implemented method.However,psychometric research lags behind the implementation of competency assessment,and it is unknown the extent to which commonly used competency measurements map onto the established competence frameworks.As China transitions from non-degree-seeking counselor training to systematic counselor training in degree-seeking academic programs,the need is more than ever to develop competency-based accreditation guidelines consistent with the Chinese competence framework,for which fair,reliable and ecologically valid competency assessment is the foundation.To provide recommendations for competency-based training programs of clinical and counseling psychology in China,the standards and methods of competence evaluation were reviewed and discussed.Five published tools were reviewed,of which three were supervisor-rated Likert-type rating forms,one was a rating form for case reports and oral defense,and one was a computer-assisted vignette-based supervisor-rated measure.After comparing these tools against the established competence frameworks,gaps were observed.

关 键 词：临床心理学 咨询心理学 专业胜任力 测量与评估 

分 类 号：B849-4[哲学宗教—应用心理学]