腰椎融合后腰椎活动度对植入物生物力学影响的有限元分析  

Finite element analysis of biomechanical effect of lumbar range of motion on the implants after lumbar fusion

作　　者：李珂 曹帅 张琼弛 贺西京[1] 李浩鹏[1] 李杰[1] Li Ke;Cao Shuai;Zhang Qiongchi;He Xijing;Li Haopeng;Li Jie(Second Department of Orthopedics,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710004,Shaanxi Province,China;Department of Orthopedics,Civil Aviation General Hospital,Beijing 100123,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院骨二科,陕西省西安市710004 [2]民航总医院骨科,北京市100123

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2024年第36期5747-5752,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82172396),项目负责人:李浩鹏。

摘　　要：背景:目前腰椎椎体间融合被广泛应用于多种腰椎疾患的治疗。然而,如何降低假关节形成、螺钉松动断裂以及cage失效等术后并发症仍然是一个严峻的挑战。目的:分析腰椎总体活动度对椎间植骨、cage以及钉棒系统应力应变的影响,从而更好地指导患者进行术后腰椎活动以降低假关节形成及器械失效的风险。方法:利用Mimics、3-Matic、HyperMesh以及Abaqus软件构建完整的人L1-S1有限元模型,并模拟经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合术。比较施加弯矩前后椎间植骨平均应变、cage以及钉棒系统的峰值应力,并分析其随腰椎总活动度的变化趋势;绘制相应的应力云图以观察应力分布。结果与结论:①与单纯施加垂直压缩载荷相比,施加弯矩后椎间植骨平均应变、cage峰值应力以及钉棒系统峰值应力分别增加了2.6%-55.3%,65.6%-166.8%及36.0%-353.4%;②随着总活动度的增加,椎间植骨平均应变在左右旋转工况下呈非线性增加并得到最大值,而cage与钉棒系统的峰值应力在左右侧弯工况下呈线性增加并得到最大值;③椎间植骨与cage的应力分布和工况有关,而钉棒系统应力主要集中于螺钉与骨质结合部及螺钉与棒连接处;④因此术后增加轴向旋转活动可能降低假关节形成的风险,而减少侧弯活动可能降低cage以及钉棒系统失效的风险。BACKGROUND:At present,lumbar interbody fusion is widely used in the treatment of a variety of lumbar diseases.However,how to reduce postoperative complications such as pseudarthrosis formation,screw loosening and fracture,and cage failure remains a serious challenge.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of total lumbar range of motion on the stress or strain of bone grafts,cage,and screw-rod system,so as to better guide patients to carry out lumbar activities to reduce the risks of pseudarthrosis formation and instrumentation failure.METHODS:An intact human L1-S1 finite element model was constructed using Mimics,3-Matic,HyperMesh,and Abaqus software and the transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was simulated.The average strain of the interbody bone grafts and the peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system were compared before and after applying the bending moment,and the changing trend with the total range of motion was analyzed.The stress nephogram was drawn to observe the stress distribution.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with applying the vertical compression load alone,the average strain of the interbody bone grafts,peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system after applying bending moment increased by 2.6%-55.3%,65.6%-166.8%,and 36.0%-353.4%,respectively.(2)With the increase of total range of motion,the average strain of the interbody bone grafts increased nonlinearly and produced the maximum value under left and right axial rotation,while the peak stresses of the cage and screw-rod system increased linearly and produced the maximum value under left and right lateral bending.(3)The stress distribution of the interbody bone grafts and cage was related to the loading condition.The stress of the screw-rod system was mainly concentrated in the interfaces of the screw-bone and screw-rod.(4)Therefore,increasing axial rotation activity after operation may reduce the risk of pseudarthrosis formation,while reducing lateral bending activity may reduce the failure of the cage and screw-rod system.

关 键 词：经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合 活动度 假关节 器械失效 有限元分析 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R496