基于HFACS-FCMs模型的船舶搁浅事故人因分析  

Human factors analysis of ship grounding accident based on HFACS-FCMs model

作　　者：王群朋 沙正荣 张金水 马杰灵 WANG Qunpeng;SHA Zhengrong;ZHANG Jinshui;MA Jieling(School of Navigation,Guangzhou Maritime University,Guangzhou 510725,China;School of Architecture and Transportation Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]广州航海学院海运学院,广东广州510725 [2]桂林电子科技大学建筑与交通工程学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《山东交通学院学报》2024年第1期103-109,123,共8页Journal of Shandong Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52071091);广州市教育局高校科研项目(202032788)。

摘　　要：为分析船舶搁浅事故致因因素中人为失误的干扰,建立人为因素分析及分类系统(human factors analysis and classification system,HFACS)-模糊认知地图(fuzzy congitive maps,FCMs)量化分析模型,从4个层面、20个分类项目角度分析在船舶搁浅事故中人为因素的影响,采用航运业专家对船舶搁浅事故致因因子的评估打分方法,构建船舶搁浅事故致因因子关系矩阵,以模拟与计算的总体中心值和标准中心值分析船舶搁浅事故致因因子。结果表明:船舶安全管理组织不当对船舶搁浅事故影响最大,组织影响和不安全行为前提条件对船舶搁浅事故影响较大,不安全行为与不安全监督对船舶搁浅事故影响次之,缺乏团队合作对船舶搁浅事故影响最小。结合分析结果,提出船舶搁浅事故的预防措施,为有效预防和减少人为失误导致的船舶搁浅事故提供参考。In order to analyze the interference caused by human errors in the factors causing the ship grounding accidents,a quantitative analysis model of human factors analysis and classification system(HFACS)-fuzzy cognitive map(FCMs)is established.The impact of human factors in ship grounding accidents is analyzed from the perspective of 20 classification projects at four levels.The evaluation and scoring method of shipping industry experts is adopted on the causal factors of ship grounding accidents.A relationship matrix of causal factors for ship grounding accidents is constructed.The causal factors of ship grounding accidents are analyzed from the overall central value and standard central value of simulation and calculation.The results indicate that improper organization of ship safety management has the greatest impact on ship grounding accidents;Organizational influence and unsafe behavior prerequisites have a greater impact on ship grounding accidents,followed by unsafe behavior and supervision;Lack of team cooperation has the least impact on ship grounding accidents.Combined with the analysis results,the preventive measures for ship grounding accidents are put forward,which can provide reference for effective prevention and reduction of ship grounding accidents caused by human errors.

关 键 词：船舶搁浅 HFACS FCMs 人因分析 

分 类 号：U698[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]