特高压直流GIL绝缘设计与研究  

Insulation Structure Design and Research of UHV DC GIL

作　　者：黎斌 刘琳 梁作栋 李丽娜 曹少华 梁芳蔚 李传扬[2] 何金良[2] 张长虹 LI Bin;LIU Lin;LIANG Zuodong;LI Lina;CAO Shaohua;LIANG Fangwei;LI Chuanyang;HE Jinliang;ZHANG Changhong(Guangdong Power Grid Limited Liability Electric Power Science Research Institute,Guangzhou 510080,China;Tsinghua Univeristy,Beijing 100084,China;Pinggao Group Co.,Ltd.,Henan Pingdingshan 467002,China;Shandong Taikai High Voltage Switchgear Co.,Ltd.,Shandoing Tai’an 271000,China;Guangdong Power Grid Ultra High Voltage Transmission Company,Guangzhou 540610,China)

机构地区：[1]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广州510080 [2]清华大学,北京100084 [3]平高集团有限公司,河南平顶山467002 [4]山东泰开高压开关有限公司,山东泰安271000 [5]南方电网超高压输电公司,广州540610

出　　处：《高压电器》2024年第2期1-25,共25页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52307174)。

摘　　要：高压直流电器随电压等级升高其绝缘结构设计难度显著增大,不能简单地沿用交流绝缘件增大尺寸来处理;否则不仅会增大产品尺寸和成本,在绝缘件运行存在温度梯度时其表面还会积聚大量电荷,使电场分布产生更严重畸变。近年来众多研究企图通过调整绝缘件质量或覆盖表面涂层来改善直流绝缘件电场分布,虽获得一些研究成果,但还不能被产品设计使用。文中强调通过调整绝缘件形状来改善电荷聚集和电场分布的观点,由此提出了结构尺寸小,电场分布好的“椎盘/椎盆”新的直流绝缘件设计,并对其结构和电场作了优化设计计算。对GIL基本母线单元母线中支撑件设计作了分析与论证。此外,对产品内绝缘的金属微粒的防治强调防重于治的设计思想,并提出了相应的防治措施。文中对高压直流产品设计必须用的各种场强设计允许值提出了研究方案。文中提出的椎盘/椎盆绝缘件也适于其他超/特高压直流气体绝缘电器选用。The difficulty of insulation structure design of high⁃voltage DC apparatus increases significantly with the increase of voltage level,and it cannot be simply handled by increasing the size of AC insulation part.Otherwise,it will not only increase the size and cost of the product,but also accumulate a large amount of charge on the surface of the insulation part with temperature gradient during operation,causing severe distortion of the electric field distribu⁃tion.In recent years,numerous studies have attempted to improve the electric field distribution of DC insulation part by adjusting the quality of insulation part or applying surface coatings.Although some research results have been ob⁃tained,yet they cannot be used in product design.It is emphasized in this paper that the opinion of improving charge accumulation and electric field distribution by adjusting the shape of insulation part,new design of DC insulation part with small structural dimensions and good electric field distribution called‘disc/cone’is proposed.Its structure and electric field are optimized and calculated.The design of the support part in the busbar of basic busbar unit of GIS is analyzed and verified.In addition,the corresponding prevention measures on the design idea of prevention of metal particle of insulation inside the product,with prevention rather than the control,is proposed.The research scheme of permissible value of various filed strength which must be used in the design of HVDC product is proposed.It is proposed in this paper that conical disc/cone spacer insulating parts is also applicable the selection and applica⁃tion of other EHV/UHV DC gas insulated apparatus.

关 键 词：特高压直流绝缘结构 椎盘/椎盆绝缘子 表面电荷与电场优化 

分 类 号：TM721.1[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]