钨极氩弧焊与激光熔覆修复的K403镍基高温合金导向器叶片组织与性能  

Microstructure and properties of K403 nickel-base superalloy guide vane repaired by tungsten inert gas welding and laser cladding process

作　　者：张国会 秦仁耀 周标 赵梓钧 郭绍庆 黄帅 王悦欣 敖斌 ZHANG Guohui;QIN Renyao;ZHOU Biao;ZHAO Zijun;GUO Shaoqing;HUANG Shuai;WANG Yuexin;AO Bin(3D Printing Research and Engineering Technology Center,AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing 100095,China;Engineering Technology Department/Technology Center,AECC Guizhou Liyang Aviation Power Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550014,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发北京航空材料研究院3D打印研究与工程技术中心,北京100095 [2]中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司工程技术部/技术中心,贵阳550014

出　　处：《航空材料学报》2024年第1期121-132,共12页Journal of Aeronautical Materials

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目(J2019-Ⅶ-0010-0150)。

摘　　要：K403镍基高温合金具有优异的室温和高温综合性能,广泛用于航空发动机涡轮叶片及导向器的制造。针对涡轮叶片长期服役于复杂工况产生的裂纹缺陷等问题,本工作先对钨极氩弧(tungsten inert gas,TIG)焊和激光熔覆两种工艺修复后的组织与拉伸性能展开对比分析,而后使用激光熔覆工艺修复叶片,并进行无损检测。利用OM、SEM观察微观组织、断口形貌,利用EDS进行相的成分分析。结果表明:TIG焊修复工艺在修复界面区附近易产生微裂纹缺陷,主要碳化物相和低熔点共晶组织引起;激光熔覆工艺修复区域的晶粒与组织更加均匀,微裂纹缺陷更易得到控制;激光熔覆工艺修复的试样综合力学性能明显高于TIG焊修复工艺的试样,且激光熔覆工艺具有较好的工艺稳定性,TIG焊修复工艺的室温拉伸强度为K403母材强度的69.22%,激光熔覆修复工艺室温抗拉强度达到了母材的87.44%,断口形貌显示修复区域的室温拉伸断口呈现出混合断裂特征,高温拉伸断口呈现出沿晶断裂的特征。修复区域的微裂纹、局部液相不足缺陷和碳化物是拉伸断裂的主要原因。激光熔覆修复工艺具有热源集中、热影响区小的优势,能够有效抑制修复区缺陷并细化微观组织,在叶片修复方面具有更大优势。使用激光熔覆修复工艺完成了叶片试车过程产生的边缘板裂纹损伤修复,经过荧光检测及煤油-白垩检测,满足相关使用要求。K403 nickel-base superalloy is widely used in the manufacture of aero-engine turbine blades because of its excellent properties at room temperature and high temperature.In order to solve the problem of turbine blade crack defects caused by longterm service in complex working conditions,in this work,two different processes of(tungsten inert gas,TIG)welding and laser cladding were used to repair the blade cracks,and the microstructure and properties of the repaired region were studied.The influence of TIG welding and laser cladding repairing on microstructure,mechanical properties and failure behavior was analyzed.The results show that the microcracks tend to occur near the repair interface using the TIG welding repairing process,which are mainly caused by carbides and low melting point eutectic structure.The grain and structure of the repaired area by laser cladding repair technology are more uniform,and the microcrack defects can be easier to control.The comprehensive mechanical properties of the samples repaired by laser cladding are obviously higher than those repaired by TIG welding repairing process,and the samples repaired by laser cladding have better process stability.The tensile strengths of the samples using the laser cladding repair process and the TIG welding repair process at room temperature have reached 87.44%and 69.22%of the strength of K403 base material,respectively.According to the failure analysis results,the tensile fracture at room temperature in the repaired region presents mixed fracture characteristics,and the tensile fracture at high temperature presents intergranular fracture characteristics.Microcracks in the repaired area,local liquid phase deficiency defects and carbide structure are the main reasons of failure.The laser cladding technology has the advantages of heat source concentration and smaller heat affected zone,which can effectively restrain the defects and refine the microstructure.Therefore,the laser cladding repair process is used to repair the edge plate crack damage genera

关 键 词：K403高温合金 叶片修复 激光熔覆修复 钨极氩弧焊修复 

分 类 号：TG47[金属学及工艺—焊接]