递归运算机制在语言中的运用及进化:对Chomsky的反驳  

Application of Computational Mechanism for Recursion in Language and Its Evolution:A Refutation of Chomsky’s Proposal

作　　者：张雁[1] 胡朋志 ZHANG Yan;HU Pengzhi(School of Foreign Languages,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315211;School of Foreign Languages,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000)

机构地区：[1]宁波工程学院外国语学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]绍兴文理学院外国语学院,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2024年第1期85-94,共10页Journal of Shaoxing University

摘　　要：依据其在不同时期的关注焦点,Chomsky对递归性的论述可分为三个阶段:句法递归阶段、认知递归阶段和生物递归阶段。Chomsky对这三个阶段的论述均存在一定的问题。句法递归作为研究本体在语言实践中应用有限,语言“有限手段无限运用”的特征还需多元实现;认知递归作为研究目标具有普遍性,它在实践中呈现为一种认知能力的连续体,并表现出二元、多元和复合等多种形态;生物递归作为研究证据缺乏有效支撑,并且受句法自主等根深蒂固立场的影响,其对现有认知实验结果的解读也值得怀疑。基于这些质疑的反思可以发现,语言系统呈现出与概念系统的单向分离关系,句法及其递归特征可能是丰富概念系统向线性语音表达妥协以适应交际所需的产物。In accordance with Chomsky’s different focuses in study,the paper divides his discussion on recursion into three phases,namely,phase of syntactic recursion,phase of cognitive recursion and phase of biological recursion.Problems exist regarding Chomsky’s discussions on all of these three phases.Firstly,syntactic recursion finds only limited application in linguistic practice and therefore,so to achieve“infinite use of finite means”in language demands other solutions.Secondly,cognitive recursion is a universal research goal,which is presented as a continuum of cognitive ability in practice,and it is seen in binary,multiple and even more complex forms.Thirdly,biological recursion lacks effective research evidence,which is affected by deep-rooted positions such as syntactic autonomy,and its interpretation of the existing cognitive experimental results is also questionable.Upon these reconsiderations,it is found that language system and conception system are one-way dissociated,which means conception can be dissociated from language but not the other way round.Moreover,it proposes that syntactic recursion could be the result of adjusting conceptual system for articulation so as to meet the requirements of communication.

关 键 词：句法递归 认知递归 生物递归 语言进化 

分 类 号：H0.05[语言文字—语言学]