地铁车站步行障碍行人避让行为建模与进出站仿真  

An Entry and Exit Model for Mobility-impaired Passengers in Subway Stations

作　　者：郝妍熙 卫书彤 胡华[1] 王润祺 刘志钢[1] HAO Yanxi;WEI Shutong;HU Hua;WANG Runqi;LIU Zhigang(School of Urban Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学,城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2024年第1期210-220,共11页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52072235)。

摘　　要：为向步行障碍人群提供更精细化的出行服务,本文研究步行障碍行人微观出行行为,解析不同个体属性行人间的冲突避让行为机理。从行人的生理差异角度出发,扩展传统元胞自动机模型场域,同时改进场强模型和模型更新规则,建立步行障碍行人运动及避让行为的元胞自动机模型。通过构建行人运动场地实验,提取普通行人和步行障碍行人轨迹,分析其运动速度、运动偏移角度和横向移动距离等冲突避让特征参数,标定元胞自动机模型中的相关参数。场地实验结果表明,步行障碍行人的运动能力较差,自由度较低,其在冲突避让过程中的偏移角度和偏移距离均明显小于普通行人,主要通过降低行走速度进行被动避让。仿真结果显示,行人速度及普通行人、轮椅行人和婴儿车行人的横向偏移距离与实测数据的误差分别为2.74%、3.35%、6.71%、6.16%。最后,基于改进模型对上海地铁迪士尼站站台层乘客出站场景进行仿真,进一步验证了模型的有效性,并提出无障碍电梯布设的优化方案。步行障碍行人仿真模型的有效建立,可为地铁无障碍电梯等无障碍设施的规划和设计提供理论支持。To provide better travel services for mobility-impaired pedestrians,this paper investigates the micro-level travel behaviors of mobility-impaired pedestrians and analyzes the mechanisms of conflict avoidance among pedestrians with different individual attributes.Considering the physiological differences of pedestrians,this paper extends the traditional cellular automaton model field to incorporate with the micro-level travel characteristics of mobility-impaired pedestrians.In addition,improvements are made to the field strength model and model updating rules,resulting in the development of a cellular automaton model that describes the motion of mobility-impaired pedestrians.By conducting on-site experiments with pedestrians moving in opposite directions,the trajectories of both regular pedestrians and mobility-impaired pedestrians are extracted and analyzed to obtain parameters such as their movement speed,angular deviation,and lateral displacement during conflict avoidance.These parameters are then used to calibrate the relevant parameters of the cellular automaton model.The experimental results indicate that mobility-impaired pedestrians have lower mobility and freedom compared to regular pedestrians.During the conflict avoidance process,mobility-impaired pedestrians show significantly smaller angular deviation and displacement than regular pedestrians,mainly by reducing their walking speed to passively avoid conflicts.The simulations yielded errors of 2.74%,3.35%,6.71%and 6.16%for pedestrian speed and lateral offset distances for regular pedestrians,wheelchair pedestrians and pram pedestrians compared to the measured data.Based on the improved model,simulations were conducted to analyze passenger egress scenarios at the platform level of Shanghai Metro's Disney Station.This was conducted to further validate the model's effectiveness and propose an optimization plan for the placement of accessible elevators.The results indicate that the optimization plan effectively mitigates platform pedestrian queue intrusion

关 键 词：城市交通 步行障碍行人仿真 元胞自动机建模 地铁车站 避让行为 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]