MBR处理农村生活污水及膜污染控制研究进展  

Research Progress of MBR Treatment of Rural Domestic Sewage and Membrane Pollution Control

作　　者：施春红 江嘉诚 张玉琦 黄煦越 朱立新 SHI Chunhong;JIANG Jiacheng;ZHANG Yuqi;HUANG Xuyue;ZHU Lixin(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Nanjing Yanjiang Academy of Resources and Ecology Science Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210047,China;Yangtze River Innovation Center for Ecological Civilization,Nanjing 210019,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]南京沿江资源生态科学研究院有限公司,江苏南京210047 [3]南京扬子江生态文明创新中心,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《水处理技术》2024年第2期20-25,共6页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0408700);南京扬子江生态文明创新中心“扬子江菁英计划”(2021)。

摘　　要：农村生活污水水质水量变化大,排放量小但分布分散,污染物浓度较高。而膜生物反应器(MBR)抗冲击负荷能力强、占地面积小、污染物去除效率高。因此,MBR技术在农村生活污水处理市场的前景较为广阔。这里主要从农村生活污水的特点及处理技术、国内外利用MBR处理农村生活污水的现状、膜污染的作用机制和类型以及控制措施三个方面进行了综述。通过国内外应用现状对比,发现分质处理能更好地实现资源回收,并减轻MBR在脱氮除磷方面的压力;针对膜污染问题,建议从改性膜材料、改良污泥混合液特性、改善操作条件和膜清洗入手,以此来减缓膜污染,降低运行成本,从而更好地推进该技术在农村地区的应用。Rural sewage water quality and quantity varies greatly,discharge is small but dispersed,the concentration of pollutants is high.Membrane bioreactor(MBR)has strong impact load resistance,small footprint and high pollutant removal efficiency.Therefore,MBR technology has a broad prospect in the market of rural domestic sewage treatment.This paper mainly reviews the characteristics and treatment technology of rural domestic sewage,the present situation of using MBR to treat rural domestic sewage at home and abroad,the mechanism and types of membrane pollution and the control measures.By comparing the application status at home and abroad,it is found that the treatment can realize the resource recovery better and reduce the pressure of MBR in nitrogen and phosphorus removal.To solve the problem of membrane pollution,it is suggested to start from modifying membrane materials,improving sludge mixture characteristics,improving operating conditions and membrane cleaning as a way to mitigate membrane contamination and reduce operating costs,so as to better promote the application of this technology in rural areas.

关 键 词：膜生物反应器 农村生活污水 膜污染 控制措施 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]