铁路调车作业安全防护技术研究  

Research on Safety Protection Technology for Railway Shunting Operation

作　　者：张小强 赵周 ZHANG Xiaoqiang;ZHAO Zhou(Department of Transportation,China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100161,China;Department of Transportation,China Railway Lanzhou Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730031,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国家铁路集团有限公司运输部,北京100844 [2]中国铁路兰州局集团有限公司运输部,甘肃兰州730031

出　　处：《铁道货运》2024年第1期31-36,共6页Railway Freight Transport

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(N2021X004)。

摘　　要：调车工作是铁路运输生产过程中的基本环节,是车站工作的主要内容之一。铁路调车工作具有全天候、作业环境复杂、技防手段薄弱、人工作业不可替代等特点,作业风险因素多,易发生“冲、脱、挤”等调车事故和人身伤害事故,一直是车务系统安全工作防范的难点和重点。从调车作业全流程管控的角度,分析调车作业安全防护技术发展的瓶颈因素,综合研究利用北斗定位、人工智能、视频监控、物联网等技术和方法,提出可以有效提高调车作业安全防护和监控能力的技术手段,从而实现调车作业全过程的信息化管理和安全管控,以期在保障调车作业安全的基础上促进调车作业效率的提升,为信息化、智慧化铁路提供有效的解决方案。Shunting operations are a fundamental component of the railway transportation production process and a major aspect of station work.Railway shunting operations are characterized by round-the-clock activity,complex working environments,limited technical safeguards,and irreplaceable role of human labor.They involve various risk factors,making them prone to shunting accidents such as collisions,derailments,and crush incidents,as well as personal injuries.Shunting operations have long been a challenging and critical focus for railway safety measures.From the perspective of comprehensive control throughout the entire shunting process,this research analyzes the bottleneck factors in the development of safety protection technology for shunting operations.It integrates the use of technologies and methods such as Beidou positioning,artificial intelligence,video surveillance,the Internet of Things,and more,proposing effective technical measures to enhance safety protection and monitoring capabilities during shunting operations.This aims to achieve the information-based management and safety control of the entire shunting process,with the ultimate goal of improving the efficiency of shunting operations while ensuring safety,providing effective solutions for the informatization and smart transformation of the railway system.

关 键 词：铁路 调车作业 调车计划 全流程管控 智能监控 安全防护 

分 类 号：U298[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]