珠海市外来杂草的调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Alien Weeds in Zhuhai

作　　者：郑明轩 林伟通 张建军 石振 金秋葶 ZHENG Mingxuan;LIN Weitong;ZHANG Jianjun;SHI Zhen;JIN Qiuting(College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Management Office of Luofusan Provincial Nature Reserve,Huizhou 516131,China;Gongbei Customs District P.R.China,Zhuhai 519110,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东罗浮山省级自然保护区管理处,广东惠州516133 [3]中华人民共和国拱北海关,广东珠海519110

出　　处：《惠州学院学报》2023年第6期64-69,共6页Journal of Huizhou University

摘　　要：通过野外实地调查和文献资料的整理分析,确定珠海市有外来杂草66种,隶属于26科57属。对珠海市外来杂草的物种组成、原产地、生活型、生境、发生情况、优势群落等特征进行分析,结果表明:珠海市外来杂草的优势科为菊科、禾本科、苋科、蝶形花科、旋花科,占珠海市外来杂草总数的61.0%;原产自美洲的外来杂草对珠海市容易入侵并造成较大危害,有51种,占77.3%;珠海市外来杂草生活型以草本为主,有53种,占80.3%;路旁生境分布的种类最多的杂草达40种,占29.0%。其中:假臭草的重要值最大,为42.04;相对密度最大,为21.28%;相对频度最高,为9.43%;田间密度最大,为0.67株/m^(2)。通过对珠海市外来杂草的调查与分析,探究该区域杂草发生特点及规律,揭示外来杂草的分布及来源,以期为珠海市加强管理和控制外来杂草提供科学依据。It was confirmed that there are 66 exotic weeds belonging to 57 genera 26 families are identified and recorded in Zhuhai through investigation and related literature.The species composition,origin area,lifestyle,habitat,occurrence and dominant community characteristics are discussed in this paper.The results show that:Asteraceae,Poaceae,Amaranthaceae,Papilionoideae and Convolvulaceae are the five families comprising about 61.0%the exotic weeds in Zhuhai.Exotic weeds originating from America are likely to invade and bring great harm to Zhuhai,there are 51 species,accounting for 77.3%.The lifestyle of exotic weeds outside Zhuhai are mainly herbs,with 53 species accounting for 80.3%.Roadside habitats have the most species,with 40 species,accounting for 29.0%.Eupatorium catarium has the most important value,which is 42.04,the highest relative density is 21.28%,the relative frequency is the highest at 9.43%,the field density is the highest at 0.67plant/m^(2)(as a measuring unit here)And it provides scientific basis for how to strengthen management and control of exotic weeds in Zhuhai.

关 键 词：珠海市 外来杂草 原产地 生境 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]