城市道路交通移动源排放核算与扩散方法  

Accounting and Dispersion Methodologies for Urban On-Road Mobile Source Emissions

作　　者：屈新明 丘建栋 吕锴超 罗舒琳 QU Xinming;QIU Jiandong;LYU Kaichao;LUO Shulin(Shenzhen Urban Transport Planning Center Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen Guangdong 518021,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司,广东深圳518021

出　　处：《城市交通》2023年第6期87-94,共8页Urban Transport of China

摘　　要：城市道路交通移动源排放核算存在车辆行驶工况测定精度低、本地化排放因子不健全、排放扩散研究不充分等问题,导致核算方法系统性和精细化程度难以支撑城市级别的排放核算。对排放因子本地化技术路径及自下而上的道路交通移动源排放核算方法开展研究。融合浮动车、卡口、地磁等多源数据,动态评估道路交通量分布及服务水平,提出道路实时工况测定方法。基于工况特征提取构建本地道路典型工况、匹配HBEFA模型、标定本地化排放因子,并利用车辆尾气追踪与分析系统(OPCAS)进行排放因子修正,形成全面准确的本地化排放因子库。在此基础上,依据排放扩散理论,提出基于地理空间区域网格化和高斯烟羽模型的排放扩散模拟计算方法,将扩散模拟计算结果与监测结果进行对比,结果表明扩散模拟结果能够准确反映接受点附近的排放浓度变化趋势,模拟浓度值变化趋势与监测点实验值的变化趋势基本一致。The accounting for urban on-road mobile source emissions has challenges such as low accuracy in determining vehicle driving conditions,inadequate localization of emission factors,and insufficient re-search on emissions dispersion.These issues hinder the systematic and detailed calculation of emissions at the city level.This paper focuses on the localization of emission factors and a bottom-up approach to ac-count for urban on-road mobile source emissions.By integrating data from multiple sources,including floating cars,checkpoints,and magnetic sensors,the dynamic distribution of road traffic volume and level of service is assessed,and a real-time road condition determination method is proposed.Based on extract-ed operational characteristics,local road typical conditions are constructed,HBEFA model is matched,and localized emission factors are calibrated.The On-road Plume Chasing and Analysis System(OPCAS)is used for emission factor correction,resulting in a comprehensive and accurate library of localized emission factors.With this methodological foundation,emissions dispersion simulation calculation methods are pro-posed based on geographical spatial grid and the Gaussian plume model.The simulation results are com-pared with monitoring results,demonstrating that the dispersion simulation can accurately reflect the con-centration trends near the receptor locations.The changes of simulated concentrations are generally consis-tent with the experimental values collected at the monitoring sites.

关 键 词：城市道路交通 移动源 排放核算 排放因子 HBEFA模型 排放扩散 高斯烟羽模型 深圳市 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]