基于正交试验和超声波波速的水库底泥透水混凝土性能研究  

Research on the Performance of Reservoir Sediment Pervious Concrete Based on Orthogonal Test and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity

作　　者：李彦苍[1] 张子鹤 张春元 冯胜雷 石华旺[1] LI Yan-cang;ZHANG Zi-he;ZHANG Chun-yuan;FENG Sheng-lei;SHI Hua-wang(School of Civil Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学土木工程学院,河北邯郸056038

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第1期156-164,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52278171);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2022402050)。

摘　　要：水库中的黏土、砂、有机物和无机矿物等结合并沉淀形成了水库底泥,水库底泥通常以不规则非均质体的黏土胶状物存在,呈流塑状态,具有良好的可塑性,颗粒之间较为松散。水库底泥的堆积会使水库的蓄水和防洪能力减弱,进而缩小水库容量,缩短水库寿命,影响航运交通等。另外水库底泥的长久堆积,其所含有的有机物还可能会对周边环境造成污染,水环境安全指数降低,进而对人类生存构成潜在的威胁,因此迫切需要对水库底泥进行资源化利用。为提高水库底泥在建筑材料领域的附加值利用率,将水库底泥作辅助胶凝材料制备透水混凝土。通过正交试验对水库底泥透水混凝土进行配合比设计优化研究,分析矿渣粉、水库底泥和增强剂对水库底泥透水混凝土干密度、总孔隙率、有效孔隙率、透水系数、超声波波速和28 d抗压强度等性能指标的影响,研究超声波波速与孔隙率、透水系数和28 d抗压强度之间的关系,探究试件的质量和超声波波速随冻融循环次数的演化规律。结果表明,随着水库底泥的掺入,水库底泥透水混凝土的干密度、抗压强度和超声波波速不断下降,孔隙率和透水系数不断增大;矿渣粉掺入使得试件的干密度、抗压强度和超声波波速先增大后减小,孔隙率和透水系数先减小后增大;增强剂对试件的性能指标影响不明显。3种因素对水库底泥透水混凝土的干密度、总孔隙率、有效空隙率、透水系数、超声波波速和28 d抗压强度影响排序为水库底泥掺量>矿渣粉掺量>增强剂掺量;超声波波速与孔隙率、透水系数和28 d抗压强度的曲线拟合相关性良好;随着冻融循环次数增加,试件质量损失率逐渐增大、超声波波速逐渐下降,矿渣粉和增强剂可以改善试件的冻融耐久性。研究成果将推进水库底泥在制备建筑材料中的开发与应用,有望为水库底泥透水混�The reservoir sediment is formed by the combination and precipitation of clay,sand,organic nutrients and inorganic minerals in the reservoir.The reservoir sediment usually exists in the form of irregular and heterogeneous clay glue,which is in a fluid plastic state with good plasticity and relatively loose between particles.The accumulation of sediment in the reservoir will weaken the water storage and flood control capacity of the reservoir,and then reduce the capacity of the reservoir,shorten the life of the reservoir,and affect the shipping traf⁃fic.In addition,the long-term accumulation of reservoir sediment may cause pollution to the surrounding environment and reduce the water environment safety index,thus posing a potential threat to human survival.Therefore,it is urgent to make resource utilization of reservoir sediment.In order to improve the added value utilization rate of reservoir sediment in the field of building materials,this paper uses the reser⁃voir sediment as auxiliary cementing material to prepare pervious concrete.Through the orthogonal test,the mix ratio design optimization of pervious concrete with reservoir sediment is studied,and the effects of slag powder,reservoir sediment and reinforcement agents on the per⁃formance indexes of pervious concrete with reservoir sediment,such as dry density,total porosity,effective porosity,permeability coeffi⁃cient,ultrasonic pulse velocity and 28 d compressive strength are analyzed.The relationship between ultrasonic pulse velocity and porosity,permeability coefficient and 28 d compressive strength is studied,and the evolution law of the quality of the specimen and ultrasonic pulse velocity with the number of freeze-thaw cycles is explored.The results show that the dry density,compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of pervious concrete decrease continuously with the addition of reservoir sediment,and the porosity and permeability coefficient in⁃crease continuously.When slag powder is added,the dry density,compressive strength and u

关 键 词：水库底泥 透水混凝土 超声波波速 正交试验 冻融耐久性 

分 类 号：TV4[水利工程—水工结构工程] TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]