鄱阳湖区某典型圩堤堤基管涌发展过程试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Piping Development Process of a Typical Dike Foundation in Poyang Lake Area

作　　者：李火坤[1] 王文韬 王姣 唐义员 王萱子 胡强 熊威 黄伟[1] 朱慧琪 LI Huo-kun;WANG Wen-tao;WANG Jiao;TANG Yi-yuan;WANG Xuan-zi;HU Qiang;XIONG Wei;HUANG Wei;ZHU Hui-qi(School of Infrastructure Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,Jiangxi Province,China;Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering,Nanchang 330029,Jiangxi Province,China;Jiangxi Water Engineering Safety Engineering Technology Center,Nanchang 330029,Jiangxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学工程建设学院,江西南昌330031 [2]江西省水利科学院,江西南昌330029 [3]江西省水工程安全工程技术中心,江西南昌330029

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2024年第2期138-146,共9页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：江西省水利厅科技项目(202224ZDKT07,202124ZDKT01,202123YBKT02)。

摘　　要：堤基管涌是造成鄱阳湖区圩堤险情乃至溃决的最主要原因之一,从机理上研究并揭示鄱阳湖区圩堤堤基管涌的致灾机制,对于应对管涌险情、科学开展应急抢险具有重要意义。基于鄱阳湖区某圩堤典型堤基结构,采用堤基原型土和自行设计制作的模型槽开展管涌物理模型试验,完整模拟了原型多层复杂堤基管涌发生、发展及致溃的全过程。结合试验现象对管涌发生和发展过程中的水力条件、堤基破坏机理和土体颗粒侵蚀速度等展开分析。研究结果表明,鄱阳湖区圩堤堤基结构中管涌破坏集中于下伏砂层,在渗透压的作用下上覆弱透水层被渗流击穿,于砂层与上覆层的接触面形成管涌通道后加速土体颗粒的侵蚀,最终导致堤基溃决;鄱阳湖区某典型圩堤堤基中夹于黏土层中的壤土层无法起到强弱透水层间过渡层的作用,土体颗粒侵蚀规律与无壤土过渡层的堤基结构相类似,形成表面管涌出口和堤基开裂的土体颗粒累计侵蚀量增长速率均低于0.1 g/s;该圩堤发生管涌的堤基平均总体临界水平坡降约为0.1。Dike foundation piping is one of the most important reasons for the dangerous situation and even the breach of dikes in Poyang Lake Area.It is of great significance to study and explain the disaster-causing mechanism of dike foundation piping in Poyang Lake Area from the mechanism so as to deal with the dangerous situation of piping and carry out emergency rescue scientifically.In this paper,an organic glass model tank is designed and manufactured,which integrates the functions of pore water pressure signal acquisition,seepage flow observation,erosion soil particle collection,graded constant head control,internal water circulation and so on.Based on the typical dike foundation structure of a dike in Poyang Lake Area,the physical model test of piping is carried out by using the prototype soil of dike foundation,and the whole process of piping occurrence,development and collapse of prototype multi-layer complex dike foundation is completely simulated.Combined with the experimental phenomena,the hydraulic conditions and soil particle erosion rate of the six stages(surface crack development stage,latent layer failure stage,overlying layer failure stage,piping channel upstream stage,embankment foundation failure stage,embankment foundation collapse stage)in the process of piping occurrence and development are analyzed,and the special embankment foundation failure mechanism of the dike is explained by analyzing the effect of vertical seepage force.The results show that the piping failure in the dike foundation structure in Poyang Lake Area is concentrated in the underlying sand layer.Under the action of osmotic pressure,the overlying weak permeable layer is penetrated by seepage,and the piping channel is formed on the contact surface between the sand layer and the overlying layer,which accelerates the erosion of soil particles and eventually leads to the dike foundation collapse.The loam layer sandwiched in the clay layer in the embankment foundation of a typical dike in the Poyang Lake Area cannot play the role of the

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 圩堤 堤基 管涌 机理 模型试验 

分 类 号：TV871.3[水利工程—水利水电工程]