铁路集装箱运输起火安全风险评价技术研究  

Research on Fire Safety Risk Assessment Technique in Railway Container Transportation

作　　者：张大庆 徐立运 程广远 刘柄全 于雪峤 ZHANG Daqing;XU Liyun;CHENG Guangyuan;LIU Bingquan;YU Xueqiao(Safety Management Department,China Railway International Multimodal Transport Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100161,China;International Intermodal Transport Department,China Railway Container Transport Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100055,China;Transportation&Economics Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁国际多式联运有限公司安全管理部,北京100161 [2]中铁集装箱运输有限责任公司国际联运部,北京100055 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道货运》2024年第2期39-46,共8页Railway Freight Transport

基　　金：中铁国际多式联运有限公司科技研究开发项目(22JGZC0006YJ)。

摘　　要：随着集装箱运输需求的不断提升,铁路集装箱运输安全问题在铁路运输管理中愈加突显。近年来铁路集装箱班列起火问题偶有发生,如何识别起火原因并精准提出控制策略成为亟需解决的关键问题之一。为直观分析评价铁路集装箱班列起火的成因、识别铁路集装箱班列火灾安全风险项点,分析了铁路集装箱运输火灾事故场景,设计了铁路集装箱班列火灾事故风险评价体系,明确了各指标的内涵,提出了基于事故树的铁路集装箱班列风险辨识模式。研究结果表明,外界环境温度高、摩擦生热(货物间、货物与外界摩擦)、闸瓦火星、烧荒等基本事件对铁路集装箱运输起火安全的影响较大。With the ongoing increase of demand for container transportation,the safety issues concerning railway container transportation are becoming increasingly prominent in railway transportation management.Given the occasional container train fires in recent years,how to identify the cause of the fire and make targeted control strategies has become one of the key issues that urgently need to be addressed.In order to intuitively analyze and evaluate the causes of container train fires,the scene of fire accidents in railway container transportation was analyzed,a risk assessment system for container train fire accidents was designed,the connotation of each indicator was clarified,and a FTA-based risk identification model for container trains was proposed.The research results show that elementary events,such as high ambient temperature,friction heat(friction between goods,and between goods and the outside),sparks from brake shoes,and waste burning,have a significant impact on the fire safety of railway container transportation.

关 键 词：铁路运输 集装箱运输 起火安全 安全评价 事故树 

分 类 号：U169.6[交通运输工程]