小麦株高全基因组关联分析与候选基因预测  

Genome-wide Association Study and Candidate Gene Prediction for Plant Height in Wheat(Triticum aestivum)

作　　者：车卓 王鹏[1] 田甜 张沛沛 陈涛 刘媛[1] 杨德龙[1,3] CHE Zhuo;WANG Peng;TIAN Tian;ZHANG Pei-Pei;CHEN Tao;LIU Yuan;YANG De-Long(College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Plant Seed Master Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省种子总站,兰州730070 [3]省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2024年第2期259-272,共14页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：甘肃省农业重点研发计划(21YF5NA089);中央引导地方科技发展资金(23ZYQA0322);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划(2022CYZC-44);甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA828);甘肃省高等学校创新基金(2021B-125)。

摘　　要：株高(plant height,PH)是小麦(Triticum aestivum)重要的农艺性状之一,与小麦产量高度相关。为进一步解析小麦株高的遗传基础,本研究对4个环境条件下132份小麦品种(系)株高进行测定,利用小麦35K单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)芯片,基于混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM)进行株高的全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。研究结果显示,小麦株高表型变异受环境影响显著,与环境呈显著相关,广义遗传力(hB2)为0.60。本研究共检测到22个与株高显著关联SNP位点(P≤0.001),其中7个SNP位点在2~3个环境条件下同时被检测到,属于稳定关联SNP位点,主要分布于1A、1B、1D、2D和4A染色体上,每条染色体检测到1~3个稳定关联SNP位点,单个稳定关联SNP位点可解释株高9.15%~15.07%的表型变异。4个稳定关联SNP位点与已报道株高QTL存在重叠,其余3个稳定关联SNP位点可能为新的位点。通过对稳定关联位点上下游1 Mb区间内的265个基因进行水稻(Oryza sativa)同源功能分析,筛选得到7个可能影响株高发育的候选基因。本研究可为小麦株高改良提供新的标记和基因资源。Plant height(PH)is one of the important agronomic traits in wheat(Triticum aestivum)and is highly correlated with wheat yield.In order to further illustrate the genetic basis of wheat PH,132 wheat cultivars(lines)were phenotyped under 4 environmental conditions in this study,and genome-wide association analysis(GWAS)of PH was performed based on the mixed liner model(MLM)using a wheat 35K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)assay.The results showed that the phenotypic variation of wheat PH was significantly affected by environment and was significantly correlated with the environment,with a broadsense heritability(h2 B)of 0.60.A total of 22 SNPs significantly associated with PH(P≤0.001)were identified in this study,among which 7 SNPs were identified in 2 or 3 environments,which were stably associated SNPs and distributed on chromosomes 1A,1B,1D,2D,and 4A.One to 3 stably associated SNPs identified on each chromosome,and a single stably associated SNP could explain 9.15%~15.07%of the phenotypic variation.4 stably associated SNPs overlapped with reported QTLs for PH,and the remaining 3 stably associated SNPs were new loci probably.265 genes in the 1 Mb interval upstream and downstream of the stably associated loci were analyzed for functional homology in rice(Oryza sativa),and 7 candidate genes were screened for possible effects on PH development.This study may provide new markers and genetic resources for wheat PH improvement.

关 键 词：小麦 株高 SNP 全基因组关联分析(GWAS) 候选基因 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]