基于CPFD多密度电子垃圾颗粒分离影响因素研究  

Study on the Influencing Factors of Multi-density E-waste Particle Separation Based on CPFD

作　　者：薛建勇 柳忠彬 杨凡 董泽宇 王亚琳 肖蒙卓 XUE Jianyong;LIU Zhongbin;YANG Fan;DONG Zeyu;WANG Yalin;XIAO Mengzhuo(College of Mechanical Engineering,Sichuan University of Science&Engineering,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China;The Sichuan Key Laboratory of Mine Tailings Resource Utilization,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China;The Sichuan Key Laboratory of Process Equipment&.Control Engineering,Yibin 644000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川轻化工大学机械工程学院,四川宜宾644000 [2]四川省矿山尾渣资源化利用工程实验室,四川宜宾644000 [3]过程装备与控制工程四川省高效重点实验室,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第2期22-28,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2021YFG264);四川省凉山州重点研发计划项目(22ZDYF0164)。

摘　　要：基于电子垃圾中稀贵金属绿色、高效以及低能耗的分离回收需求,利用CPFD(计算颗粒流体动力学法),Barracuda气固耦合仿真分析软件建立电子垃圾颗粒气固分离模型,由于一次气流导致电子垃圾中稀贵金属颗粒分离效果不佳,颗粒混合度高,稀贵金属颗粒的品位和回收率较低,在一次气流基础上,引入二次气流,实现电子垃圾颗粒在竖直方向上的二次梯度分离,模拟电子垃圾中稀贵金属颗粒在两次气流作用下不同颗粒流的迁移轨迹、运移规律和稀贵金属颗粒的分选特性,探讨在两次气流参数、物料下落流量以及颗粒粒径下电子垃圾中稀贵金属颗粒的分离效率,包括品位和回收率。研究表明,多密度电子垃圾颗粒干法分选模型可以有效富集电子垃圾中稀贵金属;电子垃圾颗粒下落流量与颗粒粒径对稀贵金属的分离有显著影响,当一次进风的气流速度为3.8m/s、二次进风的气流速度为4.6m/s、入料开口宽度为4mm、两次气流开口宽度均为35mm、颗粒粒径为75~100μm时,Au的品位和回收率可达87.1%和99.1%;Cu的品位为70.8%,回收率为85.8%,富集比为35.4。说明在一次气流和二次气流的共同作用下,改变电子垃圾颗粒的入口流量、控制颗粒的粒径大小可以有效提升电子垃圾中稀贵金属的品位和回收率,同时对多密度颗粒多梯度、高精度的干法分选提供参考和借鉴。Based on the requirements of green,efficient and low-energy separation and recovery of rare and precious metals in E-waste,a gas-solid separation model of E-waste particles was established by using CPFD(Computational ParticleFluid Dynamics)and Barracudagas-solid couplingsimulation analysis software.Due to the poor separation effect of rare and precious metal particles in E-waste caused by primary air flow,the particle mixing degree is high,and the grade and recovery of rare and precious metal particles are low.On the basis of primary air flow,secondary air flow is introduced to realize the secondary gradient separation of E-waste particles in the vertical direction.The migration trajectory and migration law of different particle flows and the separation characteristics of rare and precious metal particles in electronic waste under the action of two airflows were simulated.The separation efficiency of rare and precious metal particles in electronic waste,including grade and recovery,was discussed under two airflow parameters,material falling flow rate and particle size.The results show that the multi-density dry separation model can effectively enrich the rare and precious metal particles in E-waste.The falling flow rate and particle size of E-waste particles have significant effects on the separation of rare and precious metals.When the airflow velocity of the primary air inlet is 3.8 m/s,the airflow velocity of the secondary air inlet is 4.6 m/s,the width of the feed opening is 4 mm,the width of the two airflow openings is 35 mm,and the particle size is 75-100μm,the grade and recovery of Au can reach 87.1%and 99.1%.The grade of Cu is 70.8%,the recovery is 85.8%,and the enrichment ratio is 35.4.It shows that under the combined action of primary air flow and secondary air flow,changing the inlet flow of E-waste particles and controlling the particle size of particles can effectively improve the grade and recovery of rare and precious metals in E-waste,and provide reference for multi-density multi-gradient and hig

关 键 词：电子垃圾 颗粒分离 分选特性 二次进风 稀贵金属回收 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TD922.4[矿业工程—选矿]