萍水河水质空间分布特征及水质评价对比研究  

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Water Quality and Comparative Study on Water Quality Evaluation in the Pingshui River

作　　者：章艳红 汪金坤 陈俊华 马文洁[1,2] 葛勤 刘斌 ZHANG Yanhong;WANG Jinkun;CHEN Junhua;MA Wenjie;GE Qin;LIU Bin(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Guangxi Beitou Environmental Water Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530000,China;Jiangxi Fuzheng Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330103,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,南昌330013 [3]广西北投环保水务集团有限公司,南宁530000 [4]江西复正环境科技有限公司,南昌3301031

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第3期125-133,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42107093,42062017);国家自然科学基金重点项目-核技术创新联合基金资助项目(U1967209);东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目(NRE1927)。

摘　　要：流域水质直接关系到人体健康和生态安全。以萍水河向阳湖至何雁桥段为研究对象,分析其水质空间特征,综合4种方法进行水质评价,进一步利用多元统计和级别差方法对比分析水质评价结果。结果表明:1)COD、NH_(3)-N、TP和TN的最高浓度位于赤山桥处;上游(向阳湖-桥头村)和下游(赤山桥-何雁桥)总体水质较好,部分采样点TN、Fe和Mn轻度超标,污染程度明显弱于中游(桥头村-赤山桥)。2)最差水质级别均为Ⅴ类或劣Ⅴ类水,污染程度属严重污染及以上;单因子评价法确定总氮(TN)为首要污染指标;主成分分析法确定2个主成分,可解释为营养盐污染指标和地质沉积环境指标。3)4种方法两两之间呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.937~0.994,但水质级别表现出明显的差异性;级差法结果表明,3种综合水质评价方法的水质级别顺序为:内梅罗污染指数法<综合污染指数法<主成分分析法。研究成果可为流域水质评价工作和研究提供参考,同时为流域水资源开发利用和水环境保护及综合治理提供科学依据。The water quality of the river basin is directly related to human health and ecological safety.Taking section from Xiangyanghu to Heyanqiao of the Pingshui River as the research object,its spatial characteristics of water quality were analyzed,four methods were used to evaluate water quality,and multivariate statistical method and level difference method were applied to comparatively analyze the results of four commonly used assessment methods.The results show that:1)The highest concentrations of COD,NH_(3)-N,TP and TN are found near Chishanqiao;water qualities of upstream(Xiangyang/Lake-Qiaotoucun village)and downstream(Chishanqiao bridge-Heyanqiao bridge)are relatively good.Contents of TN,Fe and Mn in some sampling points slightly exceed standards,pollution degree in the middle area(Qiaotoucun village-Chishanqiao bridge)is significantly weaker than other areas.2)The worst water quality grade is classⅤor inferior classⅤ,with pollution degree of serious pollution or more than serious pollution;single factor evaluation method determines TN as the main pollution index,principal component analysis identifies two principal components,which can be interpreted as nutrient pollution index and geological sedimentary environment index.3)There is a significant positive correlation between four methods,and correlation coefficients vary from 0.937 to 0.994,but it shows an obvious difference in the water quality level.The results of level difference method show that water quality grades of three comprehensive water quality evaluation methods are listed in order as follows:Nemerow pollution index method<comprehensive pollution index method<principal component analysis method.The results can provide reference for the related work and research of water quality assessment in the basin,and provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of water resources,water environment protection and comprehensive treatment in the basin.

关 键 词：萍水河 水体污染 空间分布 水质评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]