消防员日常训练致伤因素与预防路径研究  

A Study on the Factors of Firefighters'Daily Training-Induced Injuries and Preventive Measures

作　　者：蒋翔 陈文佳 刘博 朱国庆[2] Jiang Xiang;Chen Wenjia;Liu Bo;Zhu Guoqing(School of Physical Education,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学体育学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学安全工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2024年第1期256-261,共6页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：应急管理部消防救援局科技计划项目:消防员职业健康保护技术研究(项目编号:2020XFLR43)。

摘　　要：为降低消防员日常训练致伤率,本文利用问卷调查法、因子分析法剖析消防员日常训练致伤的影响因子,探寻消防员训练损伤预防路径。研究表明:训练因素、环境与装备因素、生理因素、认知因素是影响消防员日常训练致伤的主因素;入队前为体育人口的消防员训练致伤率低于非体育人口消防员;加强身体素质练习能够有效预防训练致伤;负重、翻越与跑跳类训练科目容易导致腰背部、膝关节、踝关节与足部损伤,攀爬类训练科目容易导致上肢损伤;以长肌为主要附着的部位易发生肌肉拉伤;复关节易发生关节扭伤;肌肉起止点附着较多的部位易发生肌肉劳损。据此提出预防路径为:铸魂育人,塑造职业价值观;精准施训,熟练技术强体能;保障先行,增强职业归属感等。To mitigate the injury rate resulting from daily training,this study employs questionnaire surveys and factor analysis to scrutinize the influencing factors of injuries in firefighters'daily training and explores paths for injury prevention.The study reveals that training factors,environmental and equipment factors,physiological factors,and cognitive factors are the primary contributors to injuries in the daily training of firefighters.Firefighters with a sports background exhibit a lower injury rate compared to their non-sports counterparts.Rigorous physical fitness exercises prove effective in preventing training-related injuries.Training modules involving weight-bearing,climbing,running and jumping are prone to injuries in the lower back,knee joints,ankle joints,and feet,while climbing exercises are more likely to cause upper limb injuries.Areas with the main attachment of long muscles are more susceptible to muscle strains.Flexible joints are more prone to joint sprains,and regions with multiple muscle attachments at muscle origins and insertions are more susceptible to muscle fatigue.Consequently,proposed preventive measures include character building,shaping professional values,precise training with mastery of technical skills,and prioritizing safety to enhance professional belonging.

关 键 词：消防员 训练致伤 因子分析 预防路径 

分 类 号：G804.53[文化科学—运动人体科学]