西南地区森林生态系统水源涵养评价  

Evaluation of water conservation function of forest ecosystem in Southwest China

作　　者：李凯 王根绪 孙向阳 张鑫玉 李金龙 Li Kai;Wang Genxu;Sun Xiangyang;Zhang Xinyu;Li Jinlong(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,College of Water Resource and Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水利水电学院/山区河流保护与治理全国重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《地理科学》2023年第12期2217-2227,共11页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略先导A类项目(XDA23090201);国家自然科学基金重大项目(41790431)资助。

摘　　要：本研究整理了2009—2018年西南地区森林冠层、枯落物站点研究结果,并结合3种模型(冠层截留、枯落物截留和土壤蓄水模型),从林冠截留、枯落物截留以及土壤蓄水量3方面综合评估西南森林生态系统水源涵养,最后分析水源涵养时空变异性。结果表明:(1)西南地区森林生态系统(2009—2018年)年均水源涵养为(1101.54×10^(8)±313.15)m^(3),其中,林冠截留占24.57%、枯落物截留占1.61%、土壤蓄水量占73.82%。(2)西南地区混交林面积最大,水源涵养贡献率高达44.04%;单位面积上落叶阔叶林水源涵养最大[(4228.57±2325.71)t/hm^(2)]。(3)随着海拔升高,水源涵养先增大后减小,在海拔1000~1500 m达到最大。本研究结果可以服务于未来的西南森林生态系统服务功能的价值评估。This study collated the research results of forest canopy and litter sites in Southwest China from 2009 to 2018,combined with three models(canopy interception,litter interception and soil water storage model),evaluated the water conservation of forest ecosystems in Southwest China from three aspects:canopy interception,litter interception and soil water storage,and analyzed the spatial and temporal variability of water conservation.The results showed that:1)The average annual water conservation of forest ecosystems in Southwest China(2009—2018)was(1101.54×10^(8)±313.15)m^(3),of which canopy interception accounted for 24.57%,litter interception accounted for 1.61%,and soil water storage accounted for 73.82%.2)The mixed forest ecosystem in Southwest China was dominant,contributing 44.04% of water conservation.The water conservation capacity of deciduous broad-leaved forest per unit area is the highest[(4228.57±2325.71)t/hm^(2)].3)As the altitude increases,the water conservation increases first and then decreases,reaching the maximum at 1000-1500 m.The results of this study can serve the future value assessment of forest ecosystem service functions in Southwest China.

关 键 词：森林生态系统 西南地区 水源涵养 林冠截留 枯落物截留 土壤蓄水量 

分 类 号：S718.55[农业科学—林学]