黄河流域两大区域的土地生态安全动态评价及比较  

Dynamic Evaluation and Comparison of Land Ecological Security in theTwo Regions of the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：韩琭[1] 陶德鑫 史鲁彦 HAN Lu;TAO Dexin;SHI Luyan(School of Public Administration and Policy,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学公共管理学院,济南250014

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2024年第1期255-266,277,共13页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18BJY087);国家自然科学基金项目(71704094)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究山东半岛与黄河几字弯两大区域的土地生态安全水平差异,为实现黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展,推动“共同抓好大保护,协同推进大治理”战略提供现实依据。[方法]运用熵值法、核密度估计、马尔科夫链与障碍因子模型等方法,对黄河流域两大区域的土地生态安全进行动态评价。[结果](1)在水平变化上,两大区域的土地生态安全增速均呈“倒U”形态势,山东半岛的土地生态安全水平明显高于黄河几字弯,但黄河几字弯的增长速度更快。(2)在时间上,两大区域土地生态安全均呈现“单核”演变特征,山东半岛区域差异有扩大态势,几字弯区域差异则有缩小态势。在空间上,两大区域均呈现出“东中部高—西部低”的空间分布态势。(3)动态演化特征上,两大区域土地生态安全等级演变具有“路径依赖”与“自身锁定”效应。(4)山东半岛土地生态安全受人均耕地面积、地均化肥农药施用量等影响;黄河几字弯土地生态安全受景观破碎度、森林覆盖率等影响。[结论]未来山东半岛与黄河几字弯既要根据区域优势分类施策,也要从流域全局出发,协同提升黄河流域土地生态安全水平。[Objective]This study intends to comprehensively explore the land ecological security situation of the Shandong Peninsula and Jiziwan of the Yellow River,provide a realistic basis for realizing the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin and promoting the strategy of“jointly grasping the great protection and jointly promoting the great governance”.[Methods]The entropy method,kernel density estimation,Markov chain and obstacle factor model,and other methods were applied.[Results](1)In terms of level change,the growth rate of land ecological security in the two regions was“inverted U”type.The level of land ecological security in Shandong Peninsula was obviously higher than that Jiziwan of the Yellow River,but the growth rate of Jiziwan of the Yellow River was faster.(2)In terms of time,the land ecological security of the two regions had the characteristics of“single core”evolution.The regional differences in Shandong Peninsula were expanding,while the regional differences in Jiziwan were narrowing.In space,the two regions showed a spatial distribution trend of“high in the middle east and low in the west”.(3)On the evolution characteristics,the evolution of land ecological security level in the two regions had the effects of“path dependence”and“self-locking”.(4)The ecological security of land in Shandong Peninsula was affected by the per capita cultivated land area and the average application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.The ecological security of land in Jiziwan of the Yellow River was affected by landscape fragmentation and forest coverage.[Conclusion]In the future,Shandong Peninsula and Jiziwan of the Yellow River should not only classify and implement policies according to regional advantages,but also proceed from the overall situation of the basin to jointly improve the land ecological security level of the Yellow River Basin.

关 键 词：高质量发展 土地生态安全 时空特征 障碍因子 协同治理 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]