陕西旧石器时代考古的百年探索与成就  

One Century of Exploration and Achievements of Palaeolithic Archaeology in Shaanxi

作　　者：张改课 王社江[3] 王小庆[4] Zhang Gaike;Wang Shejiang;Wang Xiaoqing

机构地区：[1]陕西省考古研究院 [2]西北大学文化遗产学院 [3]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所 [4]中国社会科学院考古研究所

出　　处：《考古与文物》2024年第1期62-82,共21页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“秦岭南麓汉中盆地龙岗寺旧石器遗址考古发掘报告与综合研究”(编号:19ZDA225);国家自然科学基金面上项目“更新世古人类穿越秦岭山脉路线的探寻与研究”(编号:41972185);“南洛河和汉江流域更新世生态环境变化与古人类适应的黄土碳同位素记录”(编号:42171155)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文系统梳理了百年以来陕西旧石器时代考古的发展历程,将其划分为初创期、开拓期、发展期和深化期四个阶段。经过几代学者的不懈努力,陕西地区已发现10处古人类化石地点和600余处旧石器遗址及地点,基本构建起自直立人以来比较完整的古人类演化链条和旧石器文化发展脉络,在古人类生存环境与适应策略方面也进行了比较深入的探索。这些工作极大地拓展了中国古人类生存演化的时空框架,更加有力地实证了中国百万年以上的人类演化史和旧石器文化发展史。This article provides a synthetical review of the development of Paleolithic archaeology in Shaanxi Province over the past one hundred years.The development of Paleolithic archaeology can be divided into four stages:the initial stage,the pioneering stage,the development stage,and the deepening stage.Through the persisting efforts of several generations of scholars,ten localities of human fossils of the Pleistocene epoch and more than 600 paleolithic sites have been found so far.Archaeologists have constructed a relatively complete evolutionary chain of early hominins and the development context of Paleolithic cultures since the Homo erectus.Previous studies have also explored the survival environment and adaptation strategies of early humans.These works greatly expanded the temporal and spatial framework of the survival and evolution of early hominins,and demonstrated more effectively the history of human evolution and the development of Paleolithic cultures over one million years in China.

关 键 词：陕西 旧石器时代考古 百年历程 主要成就 历史经验 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]