基于铁路带状北斗CORS的网络RTK测量精度分析  

Analysis of Network RTK Survey Accuracy Based on Railway Banded BeiDou CORS in High-altitude and Dangerous Mountainous Areas

作　　者：王建红[1] WANG Jianhong(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第2期74-79,共6页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司重点专项研发项目(2021KY73ZD(ZDZX)-01,2022KY56(ZDZX)-02);中国铁建股份有限公司科技重大专项课题(2019-A02)。

摘　　要：为研究和拓展北斗导航系统在铁路工程测量中的应用,利用BDS系统技术优势解决山区铁路测量定位难题。基于某山区铁路建立带状北斗连续运行参考站系统(以下简称“北斗CORS系统”)和高精度位置服务云平台。采用国产多星多频测量型接收机进行控制点数据采集工作,分别对比基于北斗CORS系统的单BDS、单GPS以及GNSS混合星历网络RTK观测数据以及传统基站形式的RTK观测数据的测量精度。结果表明:(1)铁路带状北斗高精度位置服务云平台网络RTK定位功能稳定可靠;(2)基于北斗CORS系统的网络RTK测量方法仅需进行高程曲面拟合,按3s采集的成果精度即可满足铁路测量规范中网络RTK中线测量、断面测量、施工放样、像控测量的精度要求,测量时应尽量采用同类型的设备并采用同精度观测方法以保证重复测量精度,也可通过增加观测时长、在局部区域利用既有高程控制点做高程校正的方式提高测量精度;(3)基于北斗CORS系统的网络RTK测量平面和高程内符合精度限差可分别设定为1.7 cm和2 cm,外符合精度可分别设定为2.2 cm和5 cm。In order to study and expand the application of BeiDou Navigation System in railway engineering survey,the technical advantages of BDS system are used to solve the problem of railway surveying and positioning in mountain areas.Based on a railway in mountain areas,this paper has established a belt-shaped BeiDou continuous operation reference station system(hereinafter referred to as“BeiDou CORS System”) and a high-precision location service cloud platform.The domestic multi-satellite and multi-frequency survey receiver is used to collect the data of control points.The survey accuracy of RTK observation data of BDS,GPS and GNSS hybrid ephemeris network based on BeiDou CORS System and RTK observation data in the form of traditional base stations are compared respectively.The results show that:(1) The positioning function of network RTK based on railway banded BeiDou high-precision location service cloud platform is stable and reliable;(2) The network RTK measurement method based on the Beidou CORS system only needs to perform elevation surface fitting,and the accuracy of the results collected in 3s can meet the accuracy requirements of the network RTK center line survey,section survey,construction stakeout,and image control survey in the railway survey code.The same type of equipment and the same precision observation method should be used as much as possible to ensure the repeated survey accuracy,and the survey accuracy can also be improved by increasing the observation time and using the existing elevation control points for elevation correction in local areas;(3) The internal coincidence accuracy tolerance of plane and elevation of network RTK survey based on BeiDou CORS System can be set to 1.7 cm and 2 cm,and the outer coincidence accuracy can be set to 2.2 cm and 5 cm.

关 键 词：北斗导航系统 连续运行参考站 铁路工程 线路测量 网络RTK 精度分析 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程] U212.24[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]