地铁运行引起的环境振动变化规律及其主要成因分析  

Analysis on the Variation Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Environmental Vibration Level Caused by Metro Operation

作　　者：苏立勇 邬玉斌 滕忻利 曾钦娥 刘巍 宋瑞祥 SU Liyong;WU Yubin;TENG Xinli;ZENG Qin'e;LIU Wei;SONG Ruixiang(Beijing Urban Rapid Transit Construction Administration Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China;Institute of Urban Safety and Environmental Science,Beijing Academy of Science and Technology,Beijing 100054,China;Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]北京城市快轨建设管理有限公司,北京100028 [2]北京市科学技术研究院城市安全与环境科学研究所,北京100054 [3]北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,北京100082

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2024年第2期204-210,共7页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：北京市科学技术研究院青年学者资助项目(YS202102);北京市科学技术研究院创新工程资助项目(11000022T000000446408);北京市财政科研项目(11000022T000000468166);北京市自然科学基金项目(8202019)。

摘　　要：为分析地铁运行引起的环境振动变化特征及其主要成因,对北京某地铁沿线地表振动、隧道壁源强展开现场测试,统计全天所有列车的振动样本数据,对比分析不同车次、不同断面的振动变化规律,总结引起环境振动值离散变化的主要原因。结果表明:(1)列车通过时地表测点的振级差异最大可达到14.6 dB,离散程度大,虽然所采集20趟车的振级平均值满足了标准限值要求,但仍有30%~50%的振动值超过了标准限值;(2)隧道壁源强的差异达到22.1 dB,其原因为当天所有列车中存在5辆车的车辆状态存在异常,主要表现为车轮不圆顺,引起的隧道壁最大Z振级平均值达到了90.6 dB;(3)同一列车通过不同断面时,隧道壁振级变化显著,且与车辆状态存在显著关联,当车轮存在显著不圆顺时,不同断面的隧道壁振级差变化更为显著,最大可达到10.7 dB,是“普通车辆”的2倍,表明车轮及轨道状态的变化进一步改变了轮轨耦合作用,加剧了地铁运行引起的环境振动水平;(4)对“异常车辆”的进行车轮镟修后,地表的振动水平得到了有效降低,振级均降到了70 dB以下。In order to analyze the variation characteristics and formation mechanism of environmental vibration caused by metro operation,field measurement of ground vibration and tunnel wall vibration are carried out along a metro line in Beijing.Vibration sample data of all trains in a whole day are analyzed statistically.And the main reasons for the discreteness of environmental vibration are summarized by comparing the vibration variety rules of different trains and different sections.The result shows as following.Firstly,the difference of vibration level at ground point can reach at most 14.6 dB,with a large degree of dispersion.Although the average value of twenty trains could meet the requirement of the standard prescribed limit,but there is still 30%~50% of vibration values exceeding the standard prescribed limit.Secondly,the difference of vibration level at tunnel points reaches at most 22.1 dB,which is caused by the abnormal status of five vehicles in all trains on the day with the symptom of wheel irregularity.And the average value of maximum Z weighted vibration acceleration level(VL_(Zmax)) at tunnel wall points caused by them is 90.6 dB.Thirdly,vibration level at tunnel wall points between different sections induced by thesame vehicle is changed notably.And there is an important correlation with vehicle status.When the wheel is out of roundness visibly,the vibration level difference between different sections is changed more significantly.The maximum noise level can reach 10.7 dB,which is twice of ‘normal vehicle',indicating that the deterioration of wheel state and track state will further change the wheel-rail interaction and aggravate the environmental vibration level.In addition,after wheel reprofiled of abnormal vehicles,the vibration level at ground point close to building is effectively reduced and all vibration values are reduced to less than 70 dB.

关 键 词：地铁 源强 地表振动 车辆状态 现场实测 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TB533[理学—物理]