2021年3月广西一次罕见浮尘天气成因分析  

Analysis of the causes of a rare floating dust weather in Guangxi in March 2021

作　　者：王义耕 麦博儒[2] 和凌红 陈丹 刘晓梅 姚胜芳 WANG Yigeng;MAI Boru;HE Linghong;CHEN Dan;LIU Xiaomei;YAO Shengfang(Guangxi Meteorological Observatory,Nanning 530022,China;Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Guangzhou 510640,China;Guangxi Center of Ecological Environment Monitoring,Nanning 530028,China;Guangxi Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Nanning 530022,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区气象台,南宁530022 [2]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州510640 [3]广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心,南宁530028 [4]广西壮族自治区气象科学研究所,南宁530022

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2023年第4期96-101,共6页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2021A1515011494)。

摘　　要：利用气象探测资料、环境观测资料和高空地面天气图,对2021年3月22—24日广西近30a最强的浮尘天气过程的气候背景、天气形势、形成原因进行分析,并运用后向轨迹方法诊断其传输过程。结果表明,此次沙尘(浮尘)天气源于内蒙古西部阿拉善高原和甘肃西北部河西走廊,随着中路冷空气先自西向东、后自北向南传输,沙尘在传输过程中逐渐减弱,最后进入广西境内形成浮尘天气。由于广西处于弱气压场中,整层大气稳定,大气垂直湍流运动弱,地面平均风速小于1.4 m·s^(-1),大气水平扩散条件差,空气干燥、没有降水,不利于沙尘粒子扩散、稀释、沉降和清除,这是造成浮尘天气在广西境内长时间维持的主要原因。The climatic background,weather situation and formation reasons of the strongest floating dust weather process in Guangxi in the past 30 years during March 22—24,2021 were analyzed by using meteorologica detection data,environmental observation data,high-altitude and ground weather maps,and the backward trajectory method was used to diagnose its transmission process.The results showed that the floating dust originated from the Alashan Plateau in the west of Inner Mongolia and the Hexi Corridor in the northwest of Gansu.Along with the cold air blowing,first from west to east and then from north to south,the sand and dus gradually weakened during the transmission process,and finally entered Guangxi to form a floating dust weather Since Guangxi is in a weak air pressure field,the whole atmosphere is stable,the vertical turbulent movement o the atmosphere is weak,the average ground wind speed is less than 1.4 m·s~(-1),the atmospheric horizonta diffusion conditions are poor,the air is dry,and there is no precipitation,which is not conducive to the diffusion,dilution,sedimentation and removal of dust particles,an main reason for the long-term maintenance o the floating dust weather in Guangxi.

关 键 词：广西 浮尘天气 后向轨迹 大气稳定 

分 类 号：P445.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]