某核设施周边饮用水人工放射性水平及人体健康风险评价  

Artificial Radioactivity Determination and Human Health Risk Assessment of Drinking-water Around a Nuclear Facility

作　　者：马秀凤 胡翔 杜娟 刘庆云 张馨蕊 MA Xiufeng;HU Xiang;DU Juan;LIU Qingyun;ZHANG Xinrui(Beijing Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,Ionization department,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市核与辐射安全中心电离环境室,北京100089

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2023年第6期1169-1175,共7页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

摘　　要：为掌握某核设施周边饮用水人工放射性水平并进行人体健康风险评价,收集2016—2022年该核设施周边84件自来水水中3H和10种人工特征核素(^(110)mAg、^(144)Ce、^(58)Co、^(60)Co、^(134)Cs、^(137)Cs、^(54)Mn、^(124)Sb、^(65)Zn、^(95)Zr)的监测数据,采用美国环境保护局(USEPA)推荐的风险评价模型评价通过饮水途径引起的健康风险。结果表明,2016—2022年该核设施周边3个监测点饮用水中3H的活度浓度分别为(0.38~3.46)、(0.38~2.34)、(0.38~1.74)Bq/L,平均值分别为0.94、0.60、0.54 Bq/L,少数调查结果高于探测限(LLD)。10种人工特征核素的活度浓度均小于LLD,远低于世界卫生组织(WHO)《饮用水水质准则》(第四版)推荐的指导值。所有检测放射性核素通过饮水途径对3个监测点居民产生的危险值分别为(0.50~0.75)×10^(-6)、(0.47~0.73)×10^(-6)、(0.47~0.77)×10^(-6),平均值分别为0.62×10^(-6)、0.57×10^(-6)、0.59×10^(-6),均小于USEPA建议的辐射致癌健康风险可接受度10^(-6),可以忽略。To know the artificial radioactivity and conduct a human health risk assessment in drinkingwater around a nuclear facility,monitoring data of^3H and 10 artificial characteristic nuclides(^(110m)Ag、^(144)Ce、^(58)Co、^(60)Co、^(134)Cs、^(137)Cs、^(54)Mn、^(124)Sb、^(65)Zn、^(95)Zr)were collected from 84 tap water samples around the nuclear facility from 2016 to 2022.The risk assessment model recommended by USEPA were used to conduct a human health risk assessment in drinking-water.The results showed that the activity concentration of^3H in drinking-water at three places around the nuclear facility from 2016 to 2022 were between(0.38-3.46),(0.38-2.34),(0.38-1.74)Bq/L,with an average of 0.94,0.60,0.54 Bq/L,with a few survey results above lower limit of detection(LLD).The activity concentrations of 10 artificial characteristic nuclides are all below LLD,far below the guidance levels recommended in Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality(Fourth Edition)publicated by WHO.The risk generated by all detected radionuclide through drinking-water for residents at three places were between(0.50-0.75)×10^(-6),(0.47-0.73)×10^(-6),(0.47-0.77)×10^(-6),with an average of 0.62×10^(-6),0.57×10^(-6),0.59×10^(-6),which were less than the acceptable risk of 10^(-6) recommended by USEPA and could be ignored.

关 键 词：核设施 人体健康风险评价 可接受度 

分 类 号：R811[医药卫生—放射医学]