急性摄入^(131)I的医学应急参考可测量推导  

Derivation of Measurable Quantities for Health Effects Monitoring from Acute Intake of^(131)I

作　　者：武钊 战景明[1] 薛向明[1] 白佳玫 茹尚敏 王秀琴[1] WU Zhao;ZHAN Jingming;XUE Xiangming;BAI Jiamei;RU Shangmin;WANG Xiuqin(China Institute for Radiation Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院,太原030006

出　　处：《核电子学与探测技术》2023年第6期1214-1220,共7页Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology

摘　　要：通过推导与甲状腺待积器官剂量相关的^(131)I可测量,为^(131)I生产单位职业卫生管理和制定相关作业的医学应急计划提供参考。依据我国《职业性放射性甲状腺疾病诊断》规定的甲状腺待积器官剂量以及《国际辐射防护和辐射源基本安全标准》为避免严重确定性效应和降低随机性效应而推荐的防护行动水平,推算单次吸入达到相应的甲状腺待积器官剂量时的实用量,包括工作场所浓度、甲状腺^(131)I含量和尿碘日排量。当人员(不考虑个体防护)停留的工作场所^(131)I化合物和^(131)I蒸气浓度CA分别达2.1×10^(4)Bq/m^(3)和1.2×10^(4)Bq/m^(3),或甲状腺^(131)I含量M(t)甲达3.8×10^(4)Bq,或尿^(131)I日排量M(t)尿达4.5×10^(1)Bq时,应该根据防护目的,结合职业人员接触时间、体力劳动强度或者监测与摄入的间隔时间、^(131)I的理化形态等,采取立即体检、会诊、指示性医疗、促排、阻吸收、健康监护等行动。以上可测量对于^(131)I生产单位职业卫生管理以及事故应急的后果预测和医学干预等.具有直接的指导意义。Measurable or operational quantities,which are related to the absorbed dose of thyroid organ from^(131)I,were deduced in this paper to provide a reference for the occupational health management and task-related emergency planning for^(131)I production companies.In accordance with the thyroid organ absorbed dose prescribed in Diagnosis for occupational radiation thyroid disease and the action level recommended in International Basic Safety Standards for Radiation Protection and Sources(2014)to avoid serious deterministic effects and reduce stochastic effects,measurable amounts including workplace activity concentrations,thyroid iodine-131 retention,and daily urinary excretion of^(131)I were derived.Results For protective purposes,when the concentrations of^(131)I compounds and^(131)I vapors in exposed workplace reach 2.1×10^(4)Bq/m^(3)and 1.2×10^(4)Bq/m^(3)respectively,the M(t)_(t) reaches 3.8×10^(4) Bq,or M(t)_(u) reaches 4.5×10^1 Bq,actions of immediate medical examination,consultation and indicated medical treatment,immediate decorporation(if applicable)or thyroid blocking,health monitoring etc should be taken,considering exposure period,classification of physical workload or interval time between monitoring and intake,physical and chemical form of^(131)I,etc.The measerable quantities could be used for consequence prediction and medical intervention in occupational health management and Emergency Planning of^(131)I production unit.

关 键 词：^(131)I 甲状腺 空气活度浓度 甲状腺^(131)I含量 尿^(131)I日排量 可测量 

分 类 号：Q691.7[生物学—生物物理学]