渤海海洋油气区邻近海域水质时空分布特征  

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of seawater quality near the offshore oil and gas exploration zone in the Bohai Sea

作　　者：李玉霞 王晓萌[1] 孔令娜 程嘉熠 周鑫 苏晴 李中秀 韩建波[1] LI Yuxia;WANG Xiaomeng;KONG Lingna;CHENG Jiayi;ZHOU Xin;SU Qing;LI Zhongxiu;HAN Jianbo(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Restoration,National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China;College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心国家环境保护海洋生态环境整治修复重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2024年第1期1-11,共11页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41876128);国家环境保护海洋生态环境整治修复重点实验室基金(20220207);中国海油海洋环境与生态保护公益基金会项目(CF-MEEC/TR/TR/2019-11)。

摘　　要：利用2015-2020年渤海14个海洋油气区邻近海域表层海水污染要素监测结果,结合主成分综合评价法、相关性分析及空间可视化等方法分析了渤海海洋油气区邻近海域水质时空分布特征及污染贡献。结果表明:渤海中部油气区邻近海域水质状况优于辽东湾和渤海湾;位于辽东湾湾顶的油气区1号邻近海域海水水质综合评价结果最差,位于辽东湾湾口的油气区4号邻近海域结果最好,这可能与二者受陆源输入和水动力条件影响差异较大有关;此外,与汞(Hg)相比,化学需氧量(COD)、石油类、镉(Cd)含量受陆源输入的影响较大,油气平台排海污染物对海水中污染要素贡献较小,其携带COD、石油类的贡献率分别低于陆源输入的0.02%、6%,Hg、Cd远远低于陆源输入的7%、3%。The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and pollution contribution of seawater quality near the offshore oil and gas exploration zone in the Bohai Sea were analyzed by combining the methods of principal component comprehensive evaluation,correlation analysis,and spatial visualization based on the monitoring results of surface seawater pollution factors near 14 offshore oil and gas exploration zones in the Bohai Sea from 2015 to 2020.The results revealed that the seawater quality near the offshore oil and gas exploration zone in the central Bohai Sea was better than in Liaodong Bay and Bohai Bay.The comprehensive evaluation results of seawater quality near No.1 offshore oil and gas exploration zone at the top of Liaodong Bay were the worst,while the results near No.4 offshore oil and gas exploration zone at the mouth of Liaodong Bay were the best,which could be attributed to the significant influence of land-based inputs and hydrodynamic conditions near No.1 offshore oil and gas exploration zone.Furthermore,in comparison to mercury(Hg),landbased input had a significant impact on the levels of chemical oxygen demand(COD),petroleum,and cadmium(Cd).Pollutants discharged from oil and gas platforms contributed little to the pollution elements in the surface seawater near the offshore oil and gas exploration zone in the Bohai Sea,and COD and petroleum fluxes into the sea were less than 0.02%and 6%of the land-based inputs,respectively,while Hg and Cd were far less than 7%and 3%of the land-based inputs,respectively.

关 键 词：海洋油气区 海水水质 分布特征 污染贡献 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X834