Response of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance genes to the co-occurrence of gadolinium and sulfamethoxazole in activated sludge systems  

作　　者：Xinrui Yuan Kangping Cui Yihan Chen Shiyang Wu Yao Zhang Tong Liu 

机构地区：[1]School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China

出　　处：《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023年第12期163-173,共11页环境科学与工程前沿（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC0408500).

摘　　要：With the increasing use of antibiotics and rare earth elements(REE)during the coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic,the co-occurrence of sulfamethoxazole(SMX)and gadolinium(Gd)has increased in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs).However,the effects of SMX and Gd exposure on the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)and heavy metal resistance genes(MRGs)remain unknown.This study investigated the impacts of SMX and Gd on the fate of ARGs and MRGs in an activated sludge system.The diversity and relative abundance of ARGs,MRGs,and mobile genetic elements(MGEs)were detected by metagenomic sequencing.The results revealed an increased abundance of ARGs but a decreased abundance of MRGs under the joint effect of SMX and Gd.In addition,Gd alone exerted adverse effects on the proliferation and spread of ARGs and MRGs.However,SMX alone resulted in an increase in the diversity of ARGs and MRGs and promoted the growth of Pseudomonas,Thauera,and Streptomyces in the activated sludge system.Interestingly,a positive correlation was observed between most ARGs and MGEs.These findings provide comprehensive insights into the effects of co-occurring REEs and antibiotics on the fate of ARGs,MRGs,and MGEs,providing evidence to assist in controlling the spread and proliferation of ARGs and MRGs in activated sludge systems.

关 键 词：Antibiotic resistance genes Heavy metal resistance genes Mobile genetic elements Joint effect Activated sludge system 

分 类 号：X50[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]