赋能动力学色谱法快速海水提铀研究  

Energy-endowed kinetic chromatographic columns for rapid uranium extraction from seawater

作　　者：付裕杰 于涛[1,2] 叶剑华 FU Yujie;YU Tao;YE Jianhua(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Nuclear Science and Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学江西省聚合物微纳制造与器件重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学核科学与工程学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《核技术》2024年第2期119-134,共16页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金(No.20202BABL203004);江西省聚合物微纳制造与器件重点实验室开放基金项目(No.PMND202101)资助。

摘　　要：作为重要的分离和分析手段,液相色谱法主要应用在分析化学领域,而在核素分离工作中报道十分罕见。本项目基于动力学色谱理论基础,研发出一种脉冲式进样-赋能动力学色谱柱,色谱柱的填料采用粒径为0.2 mm的惰性二氧化硅,柱长为5 m,色谱分离单元约3.06万个。通过改变色谱柱外界条件,分析铀酰离子在色谱柱内的运动情况;通过水浴加热、超声波和外加磁场对色谱柱进行赋能,以提高离子相互分离的效果;在不同进样流速和温度下,研究混合核素的分离情况,得到最佳分离条件及色谱柱的动力学特性。结果表明,样品流速为4.109 mL·min^(−1),色谱柱加热温度为50℃,此时铀酰离子和钠离子的分离因数为1.1854。以最佳分离条件进行海水提铀,得到铀和钠离子的分离因数为α=1.575,实现海水中铀和钠离子分离理论上需要20级。脉冲式进样-赋能动力学色谱柱能够高效快速地实现海水中铀的分离提取。文中采用的创新性方法,还可应用于其他核素的分离研究。[Background]With the continuous development of society and economy,nuclear energy has emerged as a crucial solution to address global energy shortages.However,uranium reserves on land have diminished after nearly half a century of extraction,resulting in irreversible harm to the natural environment.Consequently,seawater uranium extraction has become a more eco-friendly and abundant source of uranium resources,compared to terrestrial uranium mining.And extracting uranium from seawater emerges as a prudent strategy.[Purpose]This study aims to use kinetic chromatography to extract uranium from seawater and investigate the separation mechanism.[Methods]Leveraging the concepts of dynamic chromatography,a pulsed-injection energy-endowed kinetic chromatography column was developed.The column utilized spherical SiO2 with a diameter of 0.2 mm and a length of 5 m as the filler.After filling,it encompassed approximately 30600 chromatographic separation units.A peristaltic pump for pulse injection was applied to the kinetic chromatography system,and a switching pulse injection device was equipped to enable time control splitting.Subsequently,a self-developed on-line spectrophotometric detector was utilized to monitor the concentration of target components in the solution in real-time so as to avoid human control errors during multistage separation experiments.Additionally,the behavior of uranyl ions in kinetic chromatography under varying conditions and determine the best separation conditions was investigated by experiments using different mobile phase carriers,pH values,injection flow rates,energy-endowed modes,and energy-endowed series,and various energy-endowed methods,including water bath heating,ultrasonic,and external magnetic fields,were employed to achieve optimal separation conditions.Finally,the separation factor of uranium and sodium ions in actual seawater uranium extraction was calculated to explore the separation mechanism by separate studies of uranium,europium,and sodium ions,as well as an actual seawater ur

关 键 词：赋能 脉冲进样 时间控制分流 动力学色谱法 海水提铀 

分 类 号：TL212[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]