催化轻汽油醚化装置长周期平稳运行优化措施  

Optimization measures for long-term smooth operation of catalytic light gasoline etherification unit

作　　者：刘成军 李昊昱 袁明江 周璇 LIU Chengjun;LI Haoyu;YUAN Mingjiang;ZHOU Xuan(CNPC East-China Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong,China;Beijing Beihua Hongfei Measurement and Control Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]中石油华东设计院有限公司 [2]北京北化鸿飞测控信息技术有限公司

出　　处：《石油与天然气化工》2024年第1期1-7,共7页Chemical engineering of oil & gas

摘　　要：目的对催化轻汽油醚化装置运行过程中出现的叔戊醇在甲醇回收塔内积聚、甲醇萃取塔塔底出料带油问题进行分析,并提出解决措施。方法对于叔戊醇在甲醇回收塔内积聚的问题,主要采取以下措施进行处理:①降低甲醇回收塔进料塔板与塔顶之间的温差;②将叔戊醇自甲醇回收塔侧线抽出;③降低甲醇回收塔进料中叔戊醇质量分数。对于甲醇萃取塔塔底出料带油的问题,主要采取以下措施进行处理:①降低含醇轻汽油进料中的有害物含量;②降低甲醇萃取塔内有害物含量;③优化轻汽油进料分布器结构。结果采取相应措施后,大幅度降低了因叔戊醇在塔内积聚而引起的甲醇回收塔液泛和冲塔事故的发生,副产物生成量降低,产品质量提高;有效降低了甲醇萃取塔塔底出料带油量,避免了因大量轻汽油通过甲醇回收塔回流罐排至火炬而造成的产品损失和环境污染问题。结论对相关流程和操作条件进行优化,可有效降低叔戊醇在塔内积聚及甲醇萃取塔塔底出料带油事故的发生,确保装置长周期平稳运行。Objective The aims are to analyze the problems of tert-amyl alcohol accumulation in the methanol recovery column and oil entrainment in the bottom discharge of the methanol extraction column during the operation of the catalytic light gasoline etherification units,and to propose solutions.Methods For the problem of tert-amyl alcohol accumulation in the methanol recovery tower,the following measures were mainly taken to deal with:(1)Reduced the temperature difference between the feed tray and the top of the methanol recovery column.(2)The tert-amyl alcohol was extracted from the side stream of the methanol recovery column.(3)Reduced the mass fraction of tert-amyl alcohol in the feed of the methanol recovery column.The following measures were mainly taken to solve the problem of oil in the bottom discharge of methanol extraction tower:(1)Reduced the content of harmful substances in the feed of alcohol containing light gasoline.(2)Reduced the content of harmful substances in the methanol extraction column.(3)Optimized the structure of the light gasoline feed distributor.Results After taking the above measures,the occurrence of methanol recovery column flooding and flushing accidents caused by the accumulation of tert-amyl alcohol in the column were significantly reduced,the generation of by-products was reduced,and the product quality was improved.The amount of oil in the bottom discharge of the methanol extraction column was effectively reduced,and product loss and environmental pollution caused by a large amount of light gasoline being discharged into the flare through the methanol recovery column reflux drum were avoided.Conclusions After optimizing the process flow and operating conditions,accidents such as the accumulation of tert-amyl alcohol in the column and oil entrainment in the bottom discharge of the methanol extraction column can be effectively reduced,ensuring the long-term stable operation of the units.

关 键 词：轻汽油醚化 叔戊醇 积聚 液泛 进料分布器 堵塞 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]