大跨度小净距隧道爆破振动监测与信号特征分析  

Monitoring and Signal Characteristics Analysis of Blasting Vibration in Large Span and Small Clear Distance Tunnels

作　　者：朱俊辉 刘楠腾 龚慧杰 付晓强 ZHU Junhui;LIU Nanteng;GONG Huijie;FU Xiaoqiang(School of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Sanming University,Sanming 365004,China;Key Laboratory of Engineering Material and Structure Reinforcement of Fujian Universities(Sanming University),Sanming 365004,China)

机构地区：[1]三明学院建筑工程学院,福建三明365004 [2]工程材料与结构加固福建省高等学校重点实验室,福建三明365004

出　　处：《三明学院学报》2023年第6期79-90,共12页Journal of Sanming University

基　　金：国家级大学生创新训练项目(202311311001);三明学院国家基金培育计划项目(PYT2008)。

摘　　要：为提高隧道爆破信号分析精度,基于稳健经验模态分解和同步挤压小波变换理论开展研究。通过集成化振动监测方法,实时监测大跨度小净距隧道钻爆法施工中夹岩的动态响应特点。将采集爆破信号按照稳健经验模态分解为若干本征模态分量,求取得到各模态分量信号的Hilbert时频谱,结合时频谱特征和相关度、方差贡献率综合确定信号的优势分量,通过同步挤压小波变换重构优势分量进而得到优化后的爆破信号及频谱,精细化提取得到隧道爆破信号能量在时频域的分布特征。结果表明:组合分析方法对隧道爆破具有很强的适用性,可准确获得非线性、非平稳爆破信号的时频特征,实现爆破信号特征精细化特征提取过程。爆破引起的岩体损伤与爆破次数具有密切关系,应针对性地制定安全标准,保障大跨度隧道掘进安全。To improve the accuracy of tunnel blasting signal analysis,the research is conducted based on robust empirical mode decomposition and synchronous squeezing wavelet transform theory.By using an integrated vibration monitoring method,real-time monitoring of the dynamic response characteristics of rock sandwiches during the drilling and blasting construction of large span and small clear distance tunnels is carried out.The blasting signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode components according to the robust empirical mode,and the Hilbert spectrum of each modal component signal is obtained.The dominant component of the signal is comprehensively determined by combining the spectrum characteristics,correlation degree and variance contribution rate.The dominant component is reconstructed by synchronous squeezing wavelet transform to obtain the optimized blasting signal and spectrum,and the distribution characteristics of tunnel blasting signal energy in time-frequency domain are refined.The results indicate that the combination analysis method has strong applicability for tunnel blasting,and can accurately obtain the time-frequency characteristics of nonlinear and non-stationary blasting signals,achieving the process of fine feature extraction of blasting signal features.The rock damage caused by blasting is closely related to the number of blasting operations,and targeted safety standards should be formulated to ensure the safety of large-span tunnel excavation.

关 键 词：隧道爆破 爆破振动 稳健经验模态分解 同步挤压小波变换 围岩损伤 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]