金沙江下游三堆子河段卵石推移质输沙率公式研究  

Formulae for sediment transport rate of pebble bed load in Sanduizi reach of Jinsha River downstream

作　　者：冯志毅 邓安军[1,2] 秦蕾蕾 吕瑞茹 FENG Zhiyi;DENG Anjun;QIN Leilei;LüRuiru(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of Sediment Science and Northern River Training,the Ministry of Water Resources,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;China Three Gorges Construction Engineering Corporation,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100048 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水利部泥沙科学与北方河流治理重点实验室,北京100048 [3]中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司,四川成都610041

出　　处：《水利学报》2024年第1期35-47,共13页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2040217);水利部泥沙科学与北方河流治理重点实验室开放研究基金项目(IWHR-JH-2020-A-05)。

摘　　要：金沙江上中游梯级水库运用后,进入下游的悬移质输沙量大幅减少,水沙条件显著变化;同时,卵石推移质输沙量在总输沙量中的比重明显增加,对水库淤积进程影响显著,开展变化水沙条件下金沙江下游卵石推移质输移规律研究具有重要意义。基于下游入口三堆子水文站2008—2021年卵石推移质实测资料,对经典起动流速公式和推移质输沙率公式进行了检验与修正。结果表明:与经典起动流速公式计算结果相比,通过引入以卵石粒径为变量的系数,所得到的不同粒径范围的卵石推移质起动流速修正公式,计算精度显著提高;经典推移质输沙公式的计算结果在输沙强度较低时与实测值偏差很大,通过建立输沙强度与水流强度的关系,并引入隐暴参数对公式进行修正,明显提升了其在低输沙率情况下的计算精度。修正后的起动流速公式和推移质输沙率公式能更有效地反映三堆子河段卵石推移质的输移规律。After the impoundment of cascade reservoirs in the upper and middle reaches of the Jinsha River,the suspended sediment transport in the lower reaches is reduced significantly,and conditions of water and sediment change obviously,which has a significant impact on the reservoir sedimentation process and makes the role of pebble bed load more important in the total sediment transport.Therefore,it is of great of significance to carry out the law of pebble bed load transport in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River under new water and sediment conditions,and to put forward the applicable incipient velocity and transport rate of pebble bed load.Based on the measured data at Sanduizi Hydrological Station from 2008 to 2021,the classical incipient velocity formula and bed load transport rate formula are tested and corrected.The result shows that compared with classical formulae,the calculation accuracy of the modified formula is significantly improved by introducing a coefficient with the particle size as a variable,which induces different particle size ranges.Meanwhile,the results of classical bed load transport rate deviate greatly from the measured values when the sediment transport intensity is low.By establishing the intensity relationship of sediment transport and water flow and introducing hidden parameters to modified formula,the calculation accuracy of low sediment transport rate is also obviously improved.The transport law of pebble bed load in Sanduizi reach can bed more effectively reflected by the modified formulae of incipient velocity and bed load transport rate.

关 键 词：金沙江下游 梯级水库 卵石推移质 起动流速 推移质输沙率 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]