栗实象危害与不同品种板栗物理性状的关系  

Relationship between Curculio davidi damage and physical characters of different Castanea mollissima varieties

作　　者：郝紫阳 郭曜东 何佳林[1] 贺虹[1] 杨开朗 HAO Ziyang;GUO Yaodong;HE Jialin;HE Hong;YANG Kailang(Key Laboratory on Management of Forest Bio-Disaster of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院西部森林生物灾害治理国家林业和草原局重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期90-96,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32201567);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022M712603);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020NY-043)。

摘　　要：【目的】阐明栗实象危害与不同品种板栗栗苞和栗实物理性状的关系,揭示栗苞和栗实物理性状对栗实象寄主选择的影响。【方法】以树龄20~30年的8个板栗品种为研究对象,调查栗实象对不同板栗品种的危害率,通过聚类分析评价其抗虫性,测量不同品种板栗的苞刺长度、苞刺密度、苞壳厚度、单果质量、果形指数、苞形指数6个物理性状,分析不同板栗品种危害率与其物理性状的关系。【结果】栗实象对不同板栗品种的危害率存在差异,危害率为21.89%~78.41%。栗实象对红栗的危害率最大,达到78.41%;对新早栗的危害率最低,仅为21.89%。根据抗虫性将8个板栗品种分为抗性较高、抗性中等、抗性较差3个类群。栗实象危害与板栗苞刺长度和苞形指数存在显著相关性,苞刺长度越短,苞形指数越大,危害率越高。【结论】栗实象偏好危害苞刺长度短、栗苞形状为近圆球形的板栗,苞刺长度和苞形指数可作为选育抗栗实象板栗品种的主要参考指标。【Objective】This study clarified the relationship between Curculio davidi damage and physi-cal characters of chestnut bracts and seeds among Castanea mollissima varieties and revealed the influence of physical characters on host selection of Curculio davidi.【Method】Eight Castanea mollissima varieties aged 20 to 30 years were selected to investigate the damage rates of Curculio davidi to different Castanea mollissima varieties,and the pest resistance was evaluated through cluster analysis.The physical properties of different Castanea mollissima varieties including bract length,bract density,bract thickness,chestnut weight,bract shape index and fruit shape index were measured,and the relationships between damage rates and physical properties were analyzed.【Result】The damage rates caused by Curculio davidi to Castanea mollissima varieties were 21.89%-78.41%with significant differences among varieties.The damage rate of Curculio davidi to Hongli is the highest,reaching 78.41%,and the damage rate to Xinzaoli is the lo-west,only 21.89%.According to the pest resistance,the eight varieties were divided into three groups of high resistance,medium resistance and poor resistance.Curculio davidi damage had significant correlations with chestnut bract length and bract shape index.Shorter bract length and larger bract shape index led to higher damage rates.【Conclusion】Castanea mollissima with short bract length and nearly spherical shape was preferred by Curculio davidi,and bract length and bract shape index can be used as main reference indexes for breeding chestnut varieties with high resistance to Curculio davidi.

关 键 词：栗实象 板栗品种 抗虫性 抗虫育种 

分 类 号：S664.208[农业科学—果树学]