在役管道应力无损检测方法试验研究  

Experimental study on nondestructive testing method for stress of in-service pipeline

作　　者：孙晁 张靖婕 燕冰川 王龙升 贾光明 李玉坤[2] SUN Chao;ZHANG Jingjie;YAN Bingchuan;WANG Longsheng;JIA Guangming;LI Yukun(PipeChina North Pipeline Co.,Ltd.,Langfang,Hebei 065000,China;College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团北方管道有限责任公司,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国石油大学(华东)储运与建筑工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《世界石油工业》2024年第1期70-80,共11页World Petroleum Industry

摘　　要：油气管道在长期运行时,会在各种地质灾害和其他异常荷载的影响下产生变形,进而引发管道安全事故。对在役管道进行定期的应力检测是一种行之有效的评估管道安全的手段。为探究更适用于在役管道的应力检测方法,选用主要材料为X70和X80钢板的在役管道进行拉伸试验,利用超声波法、磁各向异性法和矫顽力法检测不同荷载下钢板的应力,并对应力测试结果进行分析。在8组单向拉伸实验中,超声波法有5组试验数据拟合优度在0.99以上;在双向拉伸试验中,超声波法的拟合效果线性度最好,矫顽力法和磁各向异性法的数据拟合效果较为离散。随着提离值的增大,轴向矫顽力与环向矫顽力都呈下降趋势,磁各向异性法的检测信号也随着提离值的增大呈现降低趋势;超声检测的结果随着温度的升高而呈线性增加,矫顽力的测量结果随温度的升高而呈整体的下降趋势,磁各向异性技术的测量结果随温度的升高呈现先升高后降低的趋势。通过对3种方法试验结果对比分析,超声波法对在役管道应力检测精确度最高,为今后在役油气管道选择更高效的无损检测方法指明方向。Oil and gas pipelines may deform under the influence of various geological disasters and other abnormal loads during long-term operation,leading to pipeline safety accidents.Regular stress testing of in-service pipelines is an effective means of evaluating pipeline safety.In order to explore more suitable stress detection methods for in-service pipelines,tensile tests were conducted on X70 and X80 steel plates,the main materials of in-service pipelines.The stress of the steel plates under different loads was measured using ultrasonic method,magnetic anisotropy method,and coercive force method,and the stress test results obtained from the three testing methods were analyzed.The results showed that in 8 sets of uniaxial tensile experiments,by fitting and analyzing the experimental values with the true values,5 sets of experimental data from the ultrasonic method had a goodness of fit above 0.99;In the biaxial tensile test,the ultrasonic method has the best fitting linearity,while the data fitting effects of the coercive force method and magnetic anisotropy method are relatively discrete.In the coercive force experiment,with the increase of lift off value,both axial and circumferential coercive forces show a downward trend,and the detection signal of magnetic anisotropy method also shows a downward trend with the increase of lift off value;In temperature experiments,the results of ultrasonic testing show a linear increase with increasing temperature,while the measurement results of coercive force show an overall downward trend with increasing temperature.The measurement results of magnetic anisotropy technology show a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing temperature.By comparing and analyzing the test results of three methods,the ultrasonic method has the highest accuracy in stress detection of in-service pipelines,indicating the direction for selecting more efficient non-destructive testing methods for future in-service oil and gas pipelines.

关 键 词：应力无损检测 对比研究 超声波法 矫顽力法 磁各向异性 

分 类 号：TE973.6[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]