自制旋转机械故障模拟试验台的转子振动特性研究  

Rotor Vibration Characteristics of Self-made Rotating Machinery Fault Simulation Test Bench

作　　者：王康 张一凡 孙天翔 王永岩[1] 秦楠[1] WANG Kang;ZHANG Yi-fan;SUN Tian-xiang;WANG Yong-yan;QIN Nan(College of Electromechanical Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学机电工程学院,青岛266100

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2024年第4期1480-1487,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021QE202);国家863计划(2006AA04Z408-2)。

摘　　要：采用软件仿真与实验分析相结合的方法,研究自制旋转机械故障模拟试验台转子的振动特性。使用Solidworks软件对转子进行三维实体建模,并在Altair Hyper Mesh软件中划分网格,导入到ANSYS Workbench软件进行后处理分析。首先通过静力学分析获得双盘转子变形与应力分布情况;考虑陀螺效应的影响,通过模态分析获取固有频率及振型云图;生成Campbell图,分析转子在设定转速区间内振动分量的变化特征;通过谐响应分析获取特定频域内的动态响应。最后进行实验模态分析,并与仿真结果进行对比,从而验证有限元模型的准确性。研究表明:转轴轴肩位置处存在一定程度的应力集中;临界转速远大于工作转速,可有效避免共振;该结构动刚度良好符合设计要求。在工程问题中,常根据整机的简化动力学模型自行搭建试验台进行研究,研究成果可为该类型转子的振动特性分析提供参考,并为旋转机械故障的模拟实验起到了一定的指导作用。The vibration characteristics of the rotor of the self-made rotating machinery fault simulation test bench were studied by combining software simulation and experimental analysis.The rotor was modeled in 3D using Solidworks software and meshed in Altair Hyper Mesh software for import into ANSYS Workbench software for post-processing analysis.Firstly,the deformation and stress distribution of the double-disc rotor were obtained by static analysis.Considering the influence of gyroscopic effect,the natural frequency and mode shape cloud map were obtained by modal analysis.The Campbell diagram was generated to analyze the variation characteristics of the vibration component of the rotor in the set speed range.The harmonic response analysis was used to obtain the dynamic response in a specific frequency domain.Finally,the experimental mode analysis was carried out and compared with the simulation results to verify the accuracy of the finite element model.The results show that there is a certain degree of stress concentration at the shaft shoulder position.The critical speed is much greater than the working speed,which can effectively avoid resonance.The dynamic stiffness of the structure is good and meets the design requirements.In engineering problems,a test bench is often built based on the simplified dynamic model of the entire machine for research.The research results can provide a reference for the vibration characteristic analysis of this type of rotor,and play a certain guiding role for the simulation experiment of rotating machinery failure.

关 键 词：双盘转子 有限元分析 WORKBENCH Campbell图 临界转速 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论]