面向公共健康的城市公园游憩活动分析——以南昌市人民公园为例  

Analysis of Recreation Activities in Urban Parks Oriented to Public Health—A Case Study of People's Park in Nanchang City

作　　者：杨雅婷 钟泰林 李婷 俞紫燕 张馨 Yang Yating;Zhong Tailin;Li Ting;Yu Ziyan;Zhang Xin(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;College of Urban Construction,Zhejiang Shuren University,Hangzhou 310015,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院,江西南昌330045 [2]浙江树人学院城建学院,浙江杭州310015

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第1期31-36,45,共7页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：江西省高校人文社会科学项目(编号:YS21106);浙江树人学院预研基金项目(编号:2020R004)。

摘　　要：随着城市的发展和人民消费水平的提高,群众对居住环境与城市公园产生的健康效益需求也逐年增长。以江西省南昌市人民公园为研究对象,通过问卷调查法及行为注记法对受访者的游憩活动进行了分析,以为健康型城市公园设计提供参考。研究结果表明:①体育锻炼、社会交往类活动的发生频次中男性多于女性,而休闲娱乐、接触自然类活动的发生频次女性居多;②在体育锻炼、休闲娱乐及社会交往类活动中,中年人最多,而接触自然类活动青年人最多;③在8个时间段中,游憩活动的类型伴随着时间整体呈现“下降-上升-下降”的趋势;④按照人流量的大小,空间类型比较为:滨水空间>健身空间>植物空间>广场空间;而活动类型比较为:休闲娱乐>社会交往>体育锻炼>接触自然,公众倾向于有活动可参与的景观空间,并非单一地观赏风景。为进一步满足公众的健康需求,基于研究结果提出了5点优化策略:①打造多功能串联的绿色环境;②设计形式多样的健身空间;③创建促进多样活动的景观空间;④提升公园的服务及设施水平;⑤营造融洽的社交环境。With the development of cities and the growth of people's consumption level,the public's demand for the health benefits of living environment and urban parks is also increasing year by year.Taking the People's Park in Nanchang City,Jiangxi Province as the research object,this paper analyzes the recreational activities of the respondents through questionnaire survey method and behavior annotation method,which can provide some theory and reference for the design of healthy urban parks.The results showed that:①The frequency of physical exercise and social interaction activities was greater in men than in women,while the frequency of leisure and recreation and contact with nature activities was more common in women.②In physical exercise,leisure and recreation and social interaction activities,middle-aged people were the most numerous,while young people who were exposed to nature activities were the most.③In the eight time periods,the types of recreational activities showed a trend of"decreasing-rising-declining"with time.④According to the size of the flow of people,the space types are sorted as:waterfront space>fitness space>plant space>square space;The order of activity types is:leisure and entertainment>social interaction>physical exercise>contact with nature,and the public tends to have a landscape space where activities can participate,rather than a single viewing landscape.In order to further meet the health needs of the public,based on the research results,this paper proposes a five-point optimization strategy:①creating a multi-functional green environment;②designing a variety of forms of fitness space;③creating landscape spaces that promote diverse activities;④improving the service facilities of the park;⑤creating a harmonious social environment.

关 键 词：城市公园 使用情况 公共健康 游憩活动 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]