社会认知职业理论视域下社会工作专业本科生职业选择机制探讨  

Discussion on Career Choice Mechanism of Social Work Undergraduate Students from the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory

作　　者：何志晶[1] 王志中[1] 常碧如 HE Zhijing;WANG Zhizhong;CHANG Biru(College of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi,030001,China;School of Education Science,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210024,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学人文社会科学学院,山西太原030001 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院,江苏南京210024

出　　处：《社会工作与管理》2024年第1期61-69,共9页Social Work and Management

基　　金：山西省教育科学“十三五”规划课题“互联网+”背景下医务社会工作跨学科合作教育模式研究(HLW-20035)。

摘　　要：社会认知职业理论认为,个人职业选择在环境、个人与行为三者相互作用的过程中形成。其中,自我效能、结果期待和职业目标是核心的认知变量,而专业认同和专业能力是影响自我效能的重要因素。专业认同通过自我效能和结果期待影响职业目标,专业能力的提升会对自我效能产生正向作用,从而影响职业选择。因此,社会工作专业本科生是否选择社会工作作为职业是个人、专业、社会和政策共同作用的结果。专业信念和个人价值观相匹配是职业选择的前提。当专业信念、专业认同和专业能力单因素或多因素与职业目标相匹配时,环境因素对职业选择的影响力微弱,学生倾向于选择从事社会工作相关职业;反之,当专业信念、专业认同和专业能力单因素或多因素与职业目标不匹配时,环境因素对职业选择的影响力增强,学生倾向于放弃从事社会工作相关职业。The social cognitive career theory suggests that individual career choices are influenced by the environment,individual,and behavior.According to the theory,self-efficacy,whose main factors are professional identity and professional competence,is the core cognitive variable along with outcome expectations and personal goals.Professional identity influences social work undergraduate students’career choices via professional efficacy and outcome expectations,and the professional competence improvement has a positive impact on professional efficacy and ultimately impacts career choices.The decision of choosing a career in the field of social work is a result of the collective interaction of individual,professional,social,and policy factors.Among them,alignment of professional beliefs and personal values is a prerequisite for career choices.When professional beliefs,professional identity,and professional competence,either singly or in combination,align with career goals,positive mechanisms of career choices take precedence over the influence of environmental factors.Otherwise,the students may choose to abandon a career in social work.

关 键 词：社会认知职业理论 社会工作 专业认同 职业选择机制 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]